Membrane Immunoglobulins and Antigen Receptors on B and T Lymphocytes

Warner, Noel L.

doi:10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60252-7

Cited by 343 publications

(81 citation statements)

References 527 publications

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“…It expresses no surface Ig molecules yet possesses intracytoplasmic/1 heavy chains witho!lt light chains (sIg-, c/~ +) (1)(2)(3)(4). B lymphocytes are characterized by the production of heavy and light chains resulting in the assembly of monomeric Ig molecules that are detectable on the cell surface (sIg +) (5). These cells are capable of being triggered by antigen or mitogen to differentiate into plasma cells that secrete large amounts of Ig but express very little surface Ig (2,6,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential regulation of membrane and secretory mu chain synthesis in human beta cell lines. Regulation of membrane mu or secreted mu.

Hendershot¹,

Levitt²

1982

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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Regulation of membrane and secretory mu synthesis was examined in human lymphoblastoid cell lines representing various stages of differentiation. Immunoglobulin phenotype was determined by surface and cytoplasmic staining with fluorochrome-conjugated antibodies and by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) analysis of anti-mu precipitable cellular products. The thymidine analogue, 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BUdR), which inhibits differentiation-specific proteins in a variety of systems, was used to examine regulation of immunoglobulin synthesis. We found that BUdR had a differential effect on membrane (mum) and secretory (mus) type mu heavy chains. Ig production in pre-B and plasma cell-like lines, which make mus, was unaffected by BUdR. However, surface expression of IgM (mum) in B cell lines was drastically inhibited at similar doses of BUdR without diminishing total Ig or protein synthesis. Examination of labeled mu chains from control and BUdR-treated B cell lines by SDS-PAGE revealed the production of two sizes of mu (mum and mus) in control cells and only the smaller size (mus) in BUdR-treated cells. This size difference could not be attributed to alterations in glycosylation of the molecules. These data show that BUdR inhibits the production of membrane mu chains without diminishing secretory mu chain synthesis in the same cell. Our findings suggest that thymidine-rich regions of the genome are involved in the regulation of mum vs. mus during B cell differentiation.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential regulation of membrane and secretory mu chain synthesis in human beta cell lines. Regulation of membrane mu or secreted mu.

Hendershot¹,

Levitt²

1982

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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“…In the presence of a dog pancreatic microsomal system, which possesses signal peptidase and glycosyltransferase activities, a labelled doublet that comprised a strongly labelled upper band and weakly labelled lower band and that corresponded in molecular weight to that of the ys heavy chain doublet synthesised in vivo, was immunoprecipitated. The failure to detect ym chains synthesised in vitro is surprising since different mRNAs have been shown to encode membranebound and secreted forins of both p and CI chains [8, 9,14] and undoubtedly also encode ys and ym chains. It is unlikely that ym chains, but not y s chains, are not recognised by the antisera used when unassociated with light chains, as has been shown to be the case for HLA-A and HLA-B antigen heavy chains [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, Hood and coworkers have provided strong evidence that mouse membrane-associated p chains possess a transmembrane orientation in the lipid bilayer [9]. The orientation of ym chains in Maja membranes was assessed using proteases to cleave the cytoplasmic peptide segment of a transmembrane polypeptide.…”

Section: Orientation Of Ym Chainsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunoglobulin G Biosynthesis in a Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Line

Kissonerghis

1982

European Journal of Biochemistry

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The cultured human B lyniphoblastoid cell line Maja synthesises two forms of the -y heavy chain of immunoglobulin G (IgG) that differ in apparent molecular weight. The lower-molecular-m eight form is secreted into the culture medium as a water-soluble product in association with light chains and coniigrates on dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gels with serum IgG y chains. The higher-molecular-weight form is not detected in culture supernatants. In distinction to the secreted form, the higher-molecular-weight form is labelled by a lipophilic, photoactivatable nitrene and is inserted asymmetrically in a transmembrane orientation into rough microsomes. It is concluded that Maja cells synthesise secretory (ys) and membrane-associated (rm) forrns o f IgG heavy chains.

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“…Thus, this more recent work provides evidence for a mechanism of specific polymorph mediated tumour-cell killing. As was reviewed earlier, there are studies which suggested that the NK cell does not lyse by an ADCC mechanism, although the possible presence of the Fc receptor on NK cells (Herberman et al, 1977) (Warner, 1974;Dickler, 1976) it is possible that a highly cytophilic antibody of a particular subclass bound to a specific cytotoxic haematopoietic cell subpopulation might be involved in determining the specificity of NK killing. This natural antibody in turn may represent a natural anti-lymphomavirus antibody, and further studies on both aspects of cytophilic antibody and possible viral specificity are required.…”

Section: Vgariation In Cytotoxicity With CL Sourcementioning

confidence: 99%

Natural cytotoxicity of haemopoietic cell populations against murine lymphoid tumours

Burton¹,

Grail²,

Warner³

1978

Br J Cancer

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Summary.-Homozygous nude and normal mice of 3 strains, BALB/c, CBA and C57BL, were used as sources of nucleated haemopoietic "natural killer" (NK) cells. These killer cells could lyse a wide range of syngeneic and allogeneic lymphoid tumour cell lines in vitro, and it was found that cell suspensions from nude mice were always significantly more active than those from normal mice, and that the most active effector population was a polymorph-enriched peritoneal-exudate cell suspension. Eosinophils did not appear to be involved in the phenomenon, and mononuclear peritoneal-exudate cell suspensions were actually highly inhibitory. Three nonlymphoid tumours, a carcinoma, a fibrosarcoma and a mastocytoma, were totally resistant to in vitro lysis. Although all susceptible tumour cell lines were C-type virus-associated, not all of these tumours were killed by all strain sources of spleen cells, indicating a specificity of killing.REPORTS of the in vitro lysis of tumour cells by haemopoietic cells from unimmunized animals and humans have appeared sporadically in the literature. Cell-mediated cytotoxicity, as assayed by the lysis of tumour cell lines, has been reported in a number of different systems using human blood leucocytes (Takasugi, Mickey and Terasaki, 1973; Petranyi et al., 1974), mouse spleen cells Greenberg and Playfair, 1974) and rat spleen cells Holterman, Klein and Casale, 1973) (Kiessling et al., 1975a) an increased incidence in nude mice (Kiessling et al., 1975b) and a lability in tissue culture at 37°C (Herberman et al., 1975b). Recent studies have identified a specific cell-surface alloantigen on the NK cell (Glimcher, Shen and Cantor, 1977) and may provide an approach to its eventual isolation and precise characterization. Studies in a human system have indicated that peripheral human blood leucocytes with natural cytotoxic activity have complement receptors and are not T cells or B cells (Pross and Jondal, 1975); however, the murine natural killer cells lack complement receptors (Kiessling et al., 1976).Studies of the genetic control of this phenomenon have indicated that different mouse strains can manifest either high. or low levels of "natural" cytotoxicity against particular tumour cell lines when their spleen cells are tested in vitro (Zarling et al., 1975). More detailed analysis with congenic mouse lines and backcross analysis has indicated that the phenomenon is under polygenic control, at least one gene of which is linked to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) (Petranyi, Kiessling and Klein, 1975;Kiessling et al., 1975c), although our own studies described here do not demonstrate any evidence of MHC involvement in the responses studied.This NK-cell phenomenon was first defined with a Rauscher-virus-induced leukaemia and the possible specificity of NK cells for virally determined tumour-associated antigens (TAA) has been widely investigated. It is unlikely that histocompatibility antigens themselves are involved in the antigenic site, as has been suggested for TAAs in other systems (Ge...

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Membrane Immunoglobulins and Antigen Receptors on B and T Lymphocytes

Cited by 343 publications

References 527 publications

Differential regulation of membrane and secretory mu chain synthesis in human beta cell lines. Regulation of membrane mu or secreted mu.

Differential regulation of membrane and secretory mu chain synthesis in human beta cell lines. Regulation of membrane mu or secreted mu.

Immunoglobulin G Biosynthesis in a Human Lymphoblastoid Cell Line

Natural cytotoxicity of haemopoietic cell populations against murine lymphoid tumours

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