Membrane gas permeation in the upgrading of renewable hydrogen from biomass steam gasification gases

Makaruk, A.; Miltner, Martin; Harasek, Michael

doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2011.11.008

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…After implementation into Aspen Plus Ò , the membrane model was then used to investigate and sharpen the given permeances from the manufacturer. Typical H 2 -permeances for polyimide membranes are in the range of 80-120 gpu, with a H 2 /CO 2 -selectivity of 2.4 (Makaruk et al 2012). Compared to that, metallic membranes and ceramic membranes have respective H 2 -permeances of 4700-25,000 and 20-180 gpu (Adhikari and Fernando 2006).…”

Section: Simulative Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The purification of fermentatively produced hydrogen using membrane technology: a simulation based on small-scale pilot plant results

Lassmann

Miltner

Harasek

et al. 2015

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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Hydrogen is known as one of the most promising energy carriers of the future. Its production in a sustainable manner is therefore an important step towards a competitive alternative to fossil energy sources. Dark fermentation is such a sustainable pathway, as hydrogen is produced via biotechnological conversion of biomass. But, the resulting hydrogen-rich gas from fermentation still needs to be upgraded, which can be done via membrane technology. In this work, an innovative small-scale process was developed, membrane modules were assembled and tested, and the purification method was simulatively investigated. The laboratory tests with pure gases showed that the utilized commercially available H 2 -selective membranes have an ideal H 2 /CO 2 -selectivity of 3.3, at the respective process conditions. When applying gas mixtures, the H 2 /CO 2 -selectivity was reduced. To further investigate the purification method, an Aspen Plus Ò gas permeation simulation model was used. The single-stage model was evaluated and it reflected the results from field and laboratory tests well. Furthermore, three different multi-stage setups were developed, simulated, and analyzed. The utilization of H 2 -selective material in a two-stage process resulted in a specific energy demand of 0.400 kWh/Nm 3 H 2 , but achieved no sufficient hydrogen purity. Compared to that, the use of CO 2 -selective membranes demanded only 0.296 kWh/Nm 3 H 2 . The recycle to feed ratio, as well as the H 2 -puriy of 95.5 vol% in the product was also in favor of the CO 2 -selective membranes compared to the commercially available H 2 -selective material.

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Section: Simulative Approachmentioning

confidence: 99%

The purification of fermentatively produced hydrogen using membrane technology: a simulation based on small-scale pilot plant results

Lassmann

Miltner

Harasek

et al. 2015

Clean Techn Environ Policy

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“…It is assumed that Knudsen's diffusion [ 22 ] controls the flux of the various species through the microporous layer.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Parameters and Conditions of Process in the Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with Application of Permselective Membranes to Enhance Styrene Yield

Araujo

Leite

Ravagnani

2016

The Scientific World Journal

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Styrene is an important monomer in the manufacture of thermoplastic. Most of it is produced by the catalytic dehydrogenation of ethylbenzene. In this process that depends on reversible reactions, the yield is usually limited by the establishment of thermodynamic equilibrium in the reactor. The styrene yield can be increased by using a hybrid process, with reaction and separation simultaneously. It is proposed using permselective composite membrane to remove hydrogen and thus suppress the reverse and secondary reactions. This paper describes the simulation of a dehydrogenation process carried out in a tubular fixed-bed reactor wrapped in a permselective composite membrane. A mathematical model was developed, incorporating the various mass transport mechanisms found in each of the membrane layers and in the catalytic fixed bed. The effects of the reactor feed conditions (temperature, steam-to-oil ratio, and the weight hourly space velocity), the fixed-bed geometry (length, diameter, and volume), and the membrane geometry (thickness of the layers) on the styrene yield were analyzed. These variables were used to determine experimental conditions that favour the production of styrene. The simulation showed that an increase of 40.98% in the styrene yield, compared to a conventional fixed-bed process, could be obtained by wrapping the reactor in a permselective composite membrane.

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“…To date, ~50% of all H 2 is produced by natural gas reforming, whereas a mixture of gases is released as the product [ 4 , 5 ]. Utilization of other H 2 carriers and sources such as ammonia [ 6 ], a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC) [ 7 ], methanol [ 8 ], and biomass [ 9 ] also requires exhaust purification before the end-use. Therefore, the separation technique is essential for obtaining pure H 2 from a mixture consisting of H 2 , nitrogen (N 2 ), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), and water vapor (H 2 O) [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Numerical Study of Pd/Ta and PdCu/Ta Composites for Thermocatalytic Hydrogen Permeation

Ryu

Badakhsh

et al. 2022

Membranes

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The development of stable and durable hydrogen (H2) separation technology is essential for the effective use of H2 energy. Thus, the use of H2 permeable membranes, made of palladium (Pd), has been extensively studied in the literature. However, Pd has considerable constraints in large-scale applications due to disadvantages such as very high cost and H2 embrittlement. To address these shortcomings, copper (Cu) and Pd were deposited on Ta to fabricate a composite H2 permeable membrane. To this end, first, Pd was deposited on a tantalum (Ta) support disk, yielding 7.4 × 10−8 molH2 m−1 s−1 Pa−0.5 of permeability. Second, a Cu–Pd alloy on a Ta support was synthesized via stepwise electroless plating and plasma sputtering to improve the durability of the membrane. The use of Cu is cost-effective compared with Pd, and the appropriate composition of the PdCu alloy is advantageous for long-term H2 permeation. Despite the lower H2 permeation of the PdCu/Ta membrane (than the Pd/Ta membrane), about two-fold temporal stability is achieved using the PdCu/Ta composite. The degradation process of the Ta support-based H2 permeable membrane is examined by SEM. Moreover, thermocatalytic H2 dissociation mechanisms on Pd and PdCu were investigated and are discussed numerically via a density functional theory study.

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Membrane gas permeation in the upgrading of renewable hydrogen from biomass steam gasification gases

Cited by 16 publications

References 18 publications

The purification of fermentatively produced hydrogen using membrane technology: a simulation based on small-scale pilot plant results

The purification of fermentatively produced hydrogen using membrane technology: a simulation based on small-scale pilot plant results

Evaluation of the Parameters and Conditions of Process in the Ethylbenzene Dehydrogenation with Application of Permselective Membranes to Enhance Styrene Yield

Experimental and Numerical Study of Pd/Ta and PdCu/Ta Composites for Thermocatalytic Hydrogen Permeation

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