Membrane fouling mechanisms of a membrane enhanced biological phosphorus removal process

The impact of different operating conditions on membrane fouling and EPS production

“…Fouling runs both on the outer side, creating a cake layer, and on the inner side, clogging with small particles (Günder, 2001). Nevertheless, by intensive aeration and regular back flush, it is possible to reduce the outer -reversible fouling (Geng et al, 2007). However, the inner fouling -irreversible, can be removed only by using chemical cleaning.…”

“…It is known that the fouling running along the inner side first follows the creation of the cake layer on the surface of the membrane (Lim and Bai, 2003). Fouling can be caused by the following processes: adsorption of macromolecules and colloidal matter on the inner and outer sides of the membrane, adhesion and growth of biomass on the surface, precipitation of dissolved substances on the outer side and clogging of the pores by soluble microbial products (Geng et al, 2007;Günder, 2001;Lim and Bai, 2003 Fouling is influenced by many different factors, such as flux, F/M ratio, sludge retention time (SRT), concentration of activated sludge, membrane material and the character of the raw wastewater. In addition to these operating factors, the characteristics of the mixed liquor have also been thought to influence membrane fouling.…”

Determination of MBR fouling and chemical cleaning interval using statistical methods applied on dynamic index data

“…TMP exhibits a simple exponential relationship with the filtration time, as described by the following mathematical expression [13].…”

“…The dynamic prediction model of the present study is developed based on exponential fouling model, which is simple but robust prediction model [13]. However, because of nonlinear (i.e., exponential) characteristic of MBR fouling, small changes in the parameters of the fouling model may lead to unpredicted results, which make precise prediction of fouling and accurate determination of membrane chemical-cleaning interval difficult.…”

Investigation of cake deposition on various parts of the surface of microfiltration membrane due to fouling

“…Geng et al [4] investigated the mechanism of membrane fouling in pilot scale. Oh et al [5] assessed fouling reduction of an integrated ozone and microfiltration process.…”