Membrane fouling in an anaerobic membrane bioreactor: Differences in relative abundance of bacterial species in the membrane foulant layer and in suspension

Microalgae (Scenedesmus obliquus) dewatering using forward osmosis membrane: Influence of draw solution chemistry

“…The lowest B value for CaCl 2 ( Table 2) indicates there are specific interactions between Ca 2+ and algal biomass. Once diffused through the membrane, Ca 2+ ions bind preferentially to oxygen atoms of carboxylate groups in a highly organized manner and form bridges between adjacent algal cells as well as their extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs) and soluble microbial products (SMPs), leading to the egg-box-shaped gel network [14,[34][35][36]. As a result, large microalgae flocs were formed in the feed tank (Fig.…”

A comprehensive study into fouling properties of extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) extracted from bulk sludge and cake sludge in a mesophilic anaerobic membrane bioreactor

“…Lin et al (2010) operated a mesophilic AnMBR for over 160 days to assess the potential to treat kraft pulp mill evaporator condensate, and indicated that smaller flocs and EPS preferentially accumulated in the sludge cake. Gao et al (2010) observed that EPS and microbial cells of the foulant layer contributed to membrane fouling. Lin et al (2011b) indicated that small flocs, bound EPS and inorganic materials play important role in cake formation process.…”

Current molecular biologic techniques for characterizing environmental microbial community

“…As discussed in 3.1.2.2, molecular techniques used in bench-scale reactors aimed at wide-side understanding the changes of EMC after the adjustment of some key parameters. For example, our group utilized T-RFLP for the characterization of EMC variations in both suspension fractions and the foulant layers in an external anaerobic membrane bioreactor [115] (Fig. 3).…”

“…3 Relative abundance, measured as the percentage of the total peak height for of a given restriction fragment, for samples from different locations and days. Labels indicate bands for OP11 C 13 (white), OP11 C2 (orange), Desferribacteres (dark orange) Bacteroidetes (pink), Firmicutes (LGC) bacteria (olive green), and Chloroflexi (light blue) [115] reproducibility and detection of minor populations and subtle changes (Fig. 4).…”