Membrane fatty acid compositions and cold-induced responses in tetraploid and hexaploid wheats

Abstract

Plant cells often increase cold tolerance by reprogramming their genes expression which results in adjusted metabolic alternations, a process enhanced under cold acclimation. In present study, we assessed the changes of membrane fatty acid compositions along with physio-biochemical indices like H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents and lipoxygenase (LOX) activity during cold stress (CS) phases in acclimated and non-acclimated durum (SRN and Gerdish) and bread (Norstar) wheat genotypes. During thermal treatments, MDA was an end product of lipid peroxidation via oxidative stress (H2O2 content) rather than LOX activity. LOX activity plays a double role in mechanism of cold tolerance in wheat, particularly at severe stress. With increase in severity of CS especially in non-acclimated plants, LOX activity decreased along with an increase in MDA and other responses helped increase or maintaine unsaturated fatty acids (FAs) whereas in acclimated plants (moderate CS), increasing of LOX activity along with a decrease in MDA indicates probably its role in secondary metabolites like jasmonic acid signaling pathway. Significant increase of total FAs and particularly unsaturated FAs showed distinct cell endeavor to protect against CS in Norstar and Gerdish compared to SRN genotype. Results showed that an increase in double bond index and LOX activity and low MDA under CS could be reasons for plant cold tolerance.

Lipids and Fatty Acids in Italian Durum Wheat (Triticum durum Desf.) Cultivars

“…Armanino et al [4] linked the fatty acid profile of 135 samples of durum wheat to the cultivar, the geographic origin and the harvest year. The variation in saturated and unsaturated fatty acids within the same variety is also associated with various kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses, like low or high temperature, salt, drought, pathogens and others [6,7].…”

“…For example, durum wheat and hard red wheat generally have a higher lipid content than soft white wheat and the levels of fatty acids are different in durum and in soft wheat. In regard to climatic conditions, it has been seen that cold weather favors an increase of lipid content in wheat and a higher degree of unsaturation in fatty acids due to the need for membrane fluidification [6]. Other kinds of biotic and abiotic stresses can influence the level of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids in plants [7].…”

Research Progress in Membrane Lipid Metabolism and Molecular Mechanism in Peanut Cold Tolerance

“…In general, the content of unsaturated fatty acids in lipid membranes increases with decreasing temperature. In addition, compared to cold-sensitive cultivars, the content and the degree (number of double bonds) of unsaturated fatty acids in lipids are higher in cold-tolerant cultivars (Nejadsadeghi et al, 2015). The biomembrane of chilling sensitive genotypes undergoes a phase transition from liquid crystal to gel even at room temperature due to high saturation of fatty acids, whereas cold-tolerant genotypes can keep the phase transition temperature lower than the cold treatment temperature, thus avoiding phase transition (Ianutsevich et al, 2016).…”

The effect of exogenous 24‐epibrassinolide pretreatment on the quality, antioxidant capacity, and postharvest life of wucai (Brassica campestris L.)

“…The accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is closely related to plant senescence and is an inevitable result of aerobic metabolism during postharvest storage, which leads to oxidative damage and lipid peroxidation of plant cell membranes (Nejadsadeghi et al., 2015). Both control and EBR‐pretreated wucai showed an almost linear increase in EC during storage, but the EBR pretreatment prevented this increase (Figure 4).…”