Membrane-encapsulated controlled-release urea fertilizers based on acrylamide copolymers

Abraham, Joshua; Pillai, V. N. Rajasekharan

doi:10.1002/(sici)1097-4628(19960627)60:13<2347::aid-app6>3.0.co;2-e

Cited by 70 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 3 publications

(3 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…But this process is far from efficient. One of the outcomes of the antagonistic effects is the washing of fertilizers from the soil; it is estimated that 50-70% of the fertilizers are not utilised by the plant [1]. Furthermore, due to the presence of other microorganisms, even when single useful bacterium cultures are reintroduced into soil at very high population levels, it is immediately subjected to competitive and antagonistic effects from the indigenous microflora which results in population decline [2].…”

Section: Processing In Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered ecosystem development for Agro-Process Intensification

Akay

Fleming

2011

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The principles of Process Intensification and Miniaturization technology, originally developed for chemicals processing, biotechnology and tissue engineering were applied to achieve plant growth and crop yield enhancement, which can be described as AgroProcess Intensification (A-PI). The basic principle of A-PI is the enhancement of multiple interactions between plant roots, water, nutrients, bacteria using micro-(bio)reactors as synthetic rhizosphere in soil (SRS) which is a highly porous nano-structured hydrophilic ionic macro-porous polymer. If soil fertility is not limited by water, nutrients or bacteria then these soil additives do not have any function, although they can still be used as root delivery system for plant protection. In this study, we used nutrient and bacterium depleted soil with or without water stress to grow soybean in order to demonstrate the effect of the SRS in enhancing biomass growth under stress. Through an extensive scanning electron microscopy studies, it is shown that AgroProcess Intensification is achieved through the association of the plant roots with SRS which retains both soil water and nutrients and transfer them to the plant while protecting the nitrogen fixing bacterium. Implications of this method are discussed in terms of engineering of ecosystem to grow crops and biomass in substandard soil under water and fertilizer stress.

show abstract

Section: Processing In Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Engineered ecosystem development for Agro-Process Intensification

Akay

Fleming

2011

WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Among the nitrogen fertilizers, the most widely used is urea because of its high nitrogen content (46%) and comparatively low cost of production. However, due to surface runoff, leaching and vaporization, the utilization efficiency or plant uptake of urea is generally below 50% 5. The lost urea could cause very serious environmental problems 6, 7.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation of superabsorbent slow release nitrogen fertilizer by inverse suspension polymerization

Liu

Liang

Zhan

et al. 2006

Polymer International

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A superabsorbent, slow release nitrogen fertilizer (SSRNF) was prepared by inverse suspension polymerization of partially neutralized acrylic acid using N,N′‐methylene bisacrylamide as a crosslinker and ammonium persulfate as an initiator in the presence of urea. The polymer was characterized using infrared spectral analysis, and network structural parameters such as molecular weight between crosslinks (Mc) and crosslink density (q) were calculated. The effects of reaction conditions, such as reaction time, reaction temperature, initiator, crosslinker and the degree of neutralization of acrylic acid, on water absorbency were investigated. The nitrogen content of SSRNF synthesized under optimal conditions was 22.7%, and the water absorbencies were about 965 g g−1 in distilled water and 185 g g−1 in tap water. The nitrogen slow release behaviors of the SSRNF in water and water retention capacity of soil with the SSRNF were also investigated. A possible slow release mechanism was proposed and the release rate constant K and the diffusion coefficient D of urea in the hydrogel was calculated. The results showed that the product not only had good slow release properties but also excellent soil moisture preservation capacity, which could effectively improve the utilization of fertilizer and water resources simultaneously. Therefore, the SSRNF is a multifunctional water managing material, which would find application in agriculture and horticulture, especially in drought‐prone areas where the availability of water is limited. Copyright © 2006 Society of Chemical Industry

show abstract

“…Coating fertilizer granules based on phenol or urea-formaldehyde, urea or furfuril alcohol, urethane, epoxyresins have been employed [1] . Controlled-release urea fertilizers based on acrylamide copolymers was evaluated by Abraham et al [30] . Acrylamide was crosslinked with comonomers with different chemical properties, such as divynilbenzene (DVB), N,N'-methylenbisacrylamide (NNMBA), tetraethyleneglycol diacrylate (TEGDA), and pentaerythrytol triacrylate (PETA) as crosslinking agents, in order to provide properties like rigidity and proper hydrophobic-hydrophilic balance.…”

Section: Polymers For Agrochemicals Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymer in Agriculture: a Review

Puoci¹,

Iemma²,

Spizzirri³

et al. 2008

American J. of Agricultural and Biological Sciences

254

115

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Abstract:In agricultural field, polymers are widely used for many applications. Although they were used, in the first time, just as structural materials (inhert polymers), in the last decades functionalized polymers revolutionized the agricultural and food industry with new tools for several applications. Smart polymeric materials and smart delivery systems helped the agricultural industry to combat viruses and other crop pathogens, functionalized polymers were used to increase the efficiency of pesticides and herbicides, allowing lower doses to be used and to indirectly protect the environment through filters or catalysts to reduce pollution and clean-up existing pollutants. This report will review the key aspects of used polymers in agricultural area, highlighting current research in this field and the future impacts they may have.

show abstract

Membrane-encapsulated controlled-release urea fertilizers based on acrylamide copolymers

Cited by 70 publications

References 3 publications

Engineered ecosystem development for Agro-Process Intensification

Engineered ecosystem development for Agro-Process Intensification

Preparation of superabsorbent slow release nitrogen fertilizer by inverse suspension polymerization

Polymer in Agriculture: a Review

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About