Membrane desalination plants from an energy–exergy viewpoint

Mehdizadeh, H.

doi:10.1016/j.desal.2005.06.037

Cited by 60 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The exergy of a flow stream for a system in which the governing parameters are the temperature, the pressure and the composition, can be written as [37,38]: …”

Section: Exergy Analysis Sensitivity Study and Cost Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation

Al-Obaidani

Curcio

Macedonio

et al. 2008

Journal of Membrane Science

742

313

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“…The exergy of a flow stream for a system in which the governing parameters are the temperature, the pressure and the composition, can be written as [37,38]: …”

Section: Exergy Analysis Sensitivity Study and Cost Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation

Al-Obaidani

Curcio

Macedonio

et al. 2008

Journal of Membrane Science

742

313

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…membrane distillation and membrane crystallization) should be studied. Other technologies are also compared, such as electrodialysis, vapor compression, boiling evaporation and flash evaporation, resulting in a close competition between reverse osmosis and distillation, with interest for electrodialysis for the treatment of more dilute brackish water . In addition, the use of renewable energy sources for desalination produces obviously advantages from an energetic and exergetic point of view …”

Section: Exergy In Separation Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exergy as a tool for measuring process intensification in chemical engineering

Luis

2013

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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Exergy is defined as the maximum shaft work that can be done in a process to bring the system into equilibrium with the environment. Thus, exergy analyses are the first step to understand where the weak points of processes are. It considers intrinsically the quality of energy: when energy loses its quality, exergy is destroyed. In addition, optimization of processes aiming at the minimization of exergy destruction can be done as a function of the topology and physical characteristics of the system, such as finite dimensions, shapes, materials, finite speeds, and finite‐time intervals of operation, establishing a direct relationship between exergy and process intensification. However, the emphasis on exergy in chemical engineering is still very poor compared with other fields, in spite of being one of the areas in which more exergy is destroyed due to reaction and separation. This paper gives an overview of the current application of exergy analyses in chemical engineering, showing the main fields in which exergy studies are performed and focusing the attention on two critical points of action: separation technologies (distillation and membrane technology) and CO2 capture. New research trends in chemical engineering using exergy as a tool for process intensification are highlighted. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

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“…It is the useful energy of a system in its environment, i.e., the maximum quantity of work that the system can execute in its environment [10]. For example, exergy for a flow stream consists of three essential components; temperature, pressure, and concentration, which have been used in exergy analysis of various systems including membrane processes [10,11].…”

Section: Of 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is very critical in estimating the process economics, natural resource utilization and environmental impacts of a system because exergy performance depends on the environmental conditions (temperature and pressure) [12,13]. Other process applications include exergy analysis of waste heat and solar energy utilization in desalination, nuclear desalination and air-conditioning systems [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Exergy analysis identifies pathways to increase energy efficiency in a system, which benefits the environment by avoiding excess energy use, associated resource consumption, and environmental pollution.…”

Section: Of 27mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison with thermal desalination systems, membrane desalination systems possess higher exergy efficiencies. Mehdizadeh [11] analyzed a mathematical model for multi-solute RO systems to determine the optimum operating condition for an integrated nanofiltration (NF)-reverse osmosis (RO) seawater desalination plant. The integrated NF-RO process produced higher product and less entropy (less rate of lost work or exergy losses).…”

Section: Integrated Membrane Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes

Gude

2018

ChemEngineering

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Desalination of sea or brackish water sources to provide clean water supplies has now become a feasible option around the world. Escalating global populations have caused the surge of desalination applications. Desalination processes are energy intensive which results in a significant energy portfolio and associated environmental pollution for many communities. Both electrical and heat energy required for desalination processes have been reduced significantly over the recent years. However, the energy demands are still high and are expected to grow sharply with increasing population. Desalination technologies utilize various forms of energy to produce freshwater. While the process efficiency can be reported by the first law of thermodynamic analysis, this is not a true measure of the process performance as it does not account for all losses of energy. Accordingly, the second law of thermodynamics has been more useful to evaluate the performance of desalination systems. The second law of thermodynamics (exergy analysis) accounts for the available forms of energy in the process streams and energy sources with a reference environment and identifies the major losses of exergy destruction. This aids in developing efficient desalination processes by eliminating the hidden losses. This paper elaborates on exergy analysis of desalination processes to evaluate the thermodynamic efficiency of major components and process streams and identifies suitable operating conditions to minimize exergy destruction. Well-established MSF, MED, MED-TVC, RO, solar distillation, and membrane distillation technologies were discussed with case studies to illustrate the exergy performances.

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Membrane desalination plants from an energy–exergy viewpoint

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation

Potential of membrane distillation in seawater desalination: Thermal efficiency, sensitivity study and cost estimation

Exergy as a tool for measuring process intensification in chemical engineering

Exergy Evaluation of Desalination Processes

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