Membrane Characterisation by Combination of Static and Dynamic Techniques

Preparation and characterization of novel poly-(vinyl alcohol)–Zostera flakes composites for packaging applications

“…5) are in good agreement with the theoretical values derived using the [38]. Furthermore, oxygen relative permeability experiments [39] at 50% RH -oxygen permeation experiments on preequilibrated with water samples -exhibit a significant increase, although the value for composite film is much lower, than the corresponding of the pure polymeric one. This behavior can be attributed to the fact that water acts as plasticizer, increasing the polymer free volume and reducing the crystallinity of the polymeric chains [40].…”

On The Multiscale Structure and Morphology of PVDF‐HFP@MOF Membranes in The Scope of Water Remediation Applications

“…Small‐angle scattering is applied to characterize all types of materials at the nanometre scale in a typical interval of 1–200 nm. [ 52 ] This operational window gives access to a size‐scale regime below the macro to micrometre ones observed by SEM or mercury porosimetry. In general, four SANS and SAXS features can be observed in the experimental data plotted in Figure : i) the scattering arising from the nano‐inhomogeneities generated within the membranes due to the phase/domain structuration of the polymer itself (characteristic size ≈2–3 nm); ii) the interparticle space created due to the MOF particles agglomeration within the polymer (characteristic size ≈10–20 nm); iii) the power law decay of the scattering data that is related to the aggregates with mass or surface fractal structures in the composites; and iv) the diffraction peak in the large q region due to the crystal structure of the MOF (similar peak was observed in our recent study of separators based on polymer composites with MOFs for battery [ 36 ] ).…”