“…The hypothesis commonly proposed regarding this highly regulated IGFBP secretion from cells is that local IGFBP levels govern the proliferation and survival of the cells by regulating the levels of free autocrine IGFs available to interact with the IGF receptor. Alternatively, we and others proposed that the levels of IGFBPs, particularly IGFBP-3, directly regulate cell growth and death via the recently proposed IGFBP-3 receptors/association proteins (Conover 1992, Cohen et al 1993, Oh et al 1993a, Valentinis et al 1995, Angelloz-Nicoud et al 1996, Gucev et al 1996, Lalou et al 1996, Neuenschwander et al 1996, Gill et al 1997, Karas et al 1997, Leal et al 1997, Mohseni-Zadeh & Binoux 1997, Rechler 1997.…”