Melt Polycondensation of Bisphenol A Polycarbonate by Forced Gas Sweeping Process II. Continuous Rotating-Disk Reactor

Woo, Boo-Gon; Choi, Kyu Yong; Song, Kwang Ho

doi:10.1021/ie001150l

Cited by 24 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 11 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Generally, the process of molecular diffusion is related to the diffusivity ( D ) of small molecules in polymer melt . The diffusivity of phenol in polycarbonate melts has been reported by several researchers, however, none of them have reported it experimentally. Herein, the objective of modeling the diffusion kinetics of phenol is to experimentally derive the effective diffusivity ( D ) of phenol in the polycarbonate melt.…”

Section: Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Study of Melt Polycondensation of Polycarbonate: Experimental and Modeling of Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer in Thin Films Polycondensation Process

Qiu

et al. 2018

Macro Reaction Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

During the melt polycondensation process of polycarbonate, reaction and mass transfer are deeply coupled owing to relatively high melt viscosity. In this work, the polycondensation reaction kinetics and mass transfer behavior of volatile phenol are decoupling studied in detail by using thin‐film experiments with 250–280 °C, 10–1000 Pa and 0.085–0.68 mm film thickness. A realistic apparent rate model coupled the reaction kinetics with thermodynamic equilibrium and diffusion behavior is developed to describe the polycondensation process, while the diffusion characteristic of small molecule (phenol) is further obtained based on penetration theory. The obtained polycondensation equilibrium constant ranges from 0.3 to 0.55, while the activation energy and pre‐exponential factor of temperature‐dependent diffusion coefficients of phenol are 87.9 kJ mol−1 and 5.08 × 102 m2 s−1, respectively. It is also observed that the overall apparent rate of polycarbonate (PC) polycondensation process increases with higher temperature, lower pressure, and thinner film thickness. Coupling the reaction kinetics with mass transfer, the predictions of the realistic apparent rate model are in quite satisfactory agreement with experimental data.

show abstract

Section: Mathematical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decoupling Study of Melt Polycondensation of Polycarbonate: Experimental and Modeling of Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer in Thin Films Polycondensation Process

Qiu

et al. 2018

Macro Reaction Engineering

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In that same work, we also detail the POLYNRTL activity-coefficient model. Other researchers, including Laubriet et al and Woo et al, − have presented work on modeling diffusion in rotating-disk reactors and forced-gas kettles. Therefore, we only present the pertinent equations and point the reader to references detailing their development.…”

Section: Model Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Mass-Transfer Model for Simulating Industrial Nylon-6 Production Trains

Seavey¹,

Liu²,

Lucas³

et al. 2004

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We present a new mass-transfer model for simulating industrial nylon-6 polymerization trains. In this model, both diffusion and boiling (bubble nucleation) contribute to mass transfer. With this model, we are able to simulate widely differing production technologies using identical mass-transfer parameters, along with identical models for fundamentals such as phase equilibrium, physical properties, and polymerization kinetics. To illustrate, we simulate the direct-melt process and the bubble-gas kettle process. The direct-melt process builds up the polymer molecular weight and removes nearly all residual caprolactam monomer by employing, under vacuum, a wiped-wall evaporator and a rotating-disk finisher. The bubble-gas kettle process, on the other hand, injects inert gas bubbles through the melt at nearly atmospheric pressure to build up the polymer molecular weight but does not significantly reduce the caprolactam level because the diffusion coefficient is so low. We validate our process models using commercial train performance data at different production rates, including the first known validation of a dynamic rate-change simulation for industrial polycondensation trains. Model predictions quantitatively agree with product quality data such as formic acid viscosity (FAV), polymer end-group concentration, and water extractables. The prediction errors for the direct-melt process are 2.81%, −3.13%, and −3.06% for FAV, water extractables, and amine end groups, respectively. For the bubble-gas kettle process, the prediction errors are −17.2%, −17.0%, and −7.49% for extrusion FAV, washed-and-dried FAV, and water extractables, respectively. These errors are much lower than the ca. −50% errors obtained by existing advanced models for devolatilization.

show abstract

“…In addition, a novel synthetic process for preparing PC between BPA and DPC in supercritical carbon dioxide (SC‐CO 2 ) was developed 19 . Furthermore, the MPP process requires specially designed reactor equipment providing large mass‐transfer interfacial areas to deal with a highly viscous polymer melt under high temperature and vacuum conditions, such as rotating‐disk‐type reactor 20 or falling‐film reactor 21…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reaction kinetics of melt post‐polycondensation process for polycarbonate in film state

Chen

Bao

Zheng

et al. 2021

J of Applied Polymer Sci

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melt post‐polycondensation (MPP) process is one of manufactures industrially that can efficiently increase the molecular weight of polycarbonate (PC). Herein, the MPP experiments of several PC materials using quaternary ammonium hydroxides and alkali metal compounds as the catalyst in the film state are studied. The reaction products are characterized by Ubbelohde viscometer, DSC, 1H‐NMR, ultraviolet spectrophotometry, advanced polymer chromatography and rotational rheometer. It is found that MPP can effectively improve the intrinsic viscosity of PC. After a certain reaction time at a specific temperature, the number average molecular weight (Mn) of PC is raised from 19,000 to 54,600 g/mol. Furthermore, the 1H‐NMR results reveal that Fries rearrangement products are produced during the MPP process. Based on the functional group model, a reaction kinetic model, combining the effects of the main melt polycondensation reaction and the Fries rearrangement reaction, is established for the first time. The reaction rate constants at different temperatures and the reaction activation energies of the two PC materials are obtained. This work provides a new reaction kinetics model to guide the MPP process of PC, which contains Fries rearrangement reaction.

show abstract

Melt Polycondensation of Bisphenol A Polycarbonate by Forced Gas Sweeping Process II. Continuous Rotating-Disk Reactor

Cited by 24 publications

References 11 publications

Decoupling Study of Melt Polycondensation of Polycarbonate: Experimental and Modeling of Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer in Thin Films Polycondensation Process

Decoupling Study of Melt Polycondensation of Polycarbonate: Experimental and Modeling of Reaction Kinetics and Mass Transfer in Thin Films Polycondensation Process

New Mass-Transfer Model for Simulating Industrial Nylon-6 Production Trains

Reaction kinetics of melt post‐polycondensation process for polycarbonate in film state

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About