Melatonin Stability in Human Milk

Molad, Michal; Ashkenazi, Lilach; Gover, Ayala; Lavie-Nevo, Karen; Zaltsberg-Barak, Tal; Shaked‐Mishan, Pninit; Soloveichik, Marina; Kessel, Irena; Rotschild, Avi; Etzioni, Tamar

doi:10.1089/bfm.2019.0088

Cited by 19 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…It has a profound circadian pattern in adult serum. In human milk, melatonin also exhibits circadian variation [ 41 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ] with the acrophase consistently at night with a mean peak value of 46.9 ± 4.2 pg/mL (mean ± SEM) in four studies measuring at midnight, and undetectably low levels during the day [ 83 , 86 , 87 , 89 ] (See Figure 2 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Schematic presentation of estimated circadian curves based on peak and trough values reported in the literature. Circadian variation curves are shown for the following components: ( a ) tryptophan [ 18 , 43 ], ( b ) total fats, triglycerides, cholesterol [ 25 , 32 , 47 , 48 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 55 , 56 , 58 , 59 ], ( c ) iron [ 53 , 67 , 70 , 71 ], ( d ) melatonin [ 41 , 82 , 83 , 84 , 85 , 86 , 87 , 88 , 89 ], and ( e ) glucocorticoids [ 24 , 89 , 90 , 91 , 92 , 93 , 94 ].…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

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Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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Background: Breastfeeding is considered the most optimal mode of feeding for neonates and mothers. Human milk changes over the course of lactation in order to perfectly suit the infant’s nutritional and immunological needs. Its composition also varies throughout the day. Circadian fluctuations in some bioactive components are suggested to transfer chronobiological information from mother to child to assist the development of the biological clock. This review aims to give a complete overview of studies examining human milk components found to exhibit circadian variation in their concentration. Methods: We included studies assessing the concentration of a specific human milk component more than once in 24 h. Study characteristics, including gestational age, lactational stage, sampling strategy, analytical method, and outcome were extracted. Methodological quality was graded using a modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results: A total of 83 reports assessing the circadian variation in the concentration of 71 human milk components were included. Heterogeneity among studies was high. The methodological quality varied widely. Significant circadian variation is found in tryptophan, fats, triacylglycerol, cholesterol, iron, melatonin, cortisol, and cortisone. This may play a role in the child’s growth and development in terms of the biological clock.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

et al. 2020

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“…Under optimal conditions, the circadian rhythm is reinforced in the newborn via melatonin transfer through breast milk, especially colostrum [66][67][68]. Formula-feeding can therefore contribute to the desynchronization of metabolic processes, imbalances in energy exchange, and excessive weight gain [69][70][71].…”

Section: Melatonin Metabolism and Mother-placenta-fetus Interfacementioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Prenatal Melatonin in the Regulation of Childhood Obesity

Ivanov

Evsyukova

Mazzoccoli

et al. 2020

Biology

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There is a growing awareness that pregnancy can set the foundations for an array of diverse medical conditions in the offspring, including obesity. A wide assortment of factors, including genetic, epigenetic, lifestyle, and diet can influence foetal outcomes. This article reviews the role of melatonin in the prenatal modulation of offspring obesity. A growing number of studies show that many prenatal risk factors for poor foetal metabolic outcomes, including gestational diabetes and night-shift work, are associated with a decrease in pineal gland-derived melatonin and associated alterations in the circadian rhythm. An important aspect of circadian melatonin’s effects is mediated via the circadian gene, BMAL1, including in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolism and the mitochondrial melatoninergic pathway. Alterations in the regulation of mitochondrial metabolic shifts between glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation in immune and glia cells seem crucial to a host of human medical conditions, including in the development of obesity and the association of obesity with the risk of other medical conditions. The gut microbiome is another important hub in the pathoetiology and pathophysiology of many medical conditions, with negative consequences mediated by a decrease in the short-chain fatty acid, butyrate. The effects of butyrate are partly mediated via an increase in the melatoninergic pathway, indicating interactions of the gut microbiome with melatonin. Some of the effects of melatonin seem mediated via the alpha 7 nicotinic receptor, whilst both melatonin and butyrate may regulate obesity through the opioidergic system. Oxytocin, a recently recognized inhibitor of obesity, may also be acting via the opioidergic system. The early developmental regulation of these processes and factors by melatonin are crucial to the development of obesity and many diverse comorbidities.

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“…Формирование циркадного ритма продукции эпифизарного мелатонина в норме продолжается ускоренными темпами в первые недели жизни, а материнское влияние на этот процесс осуществляется через грудное молоко, состав компонентов которого подвержен циркадным изменениям [31,32]. Так, циркадные колебания содержания мелатонина особенно велики в молозиве, где его уровень около 3:00 ночи достигает 28,67 пг/мл после преждевременных и 25,31 пг/мл после срочных родов [33][34][35], при этом существенную роль в его продукции играют мононуклеары и полиморфноядерные фагоциты [36]. Показано, что высокий уровень мелатонина в молозиве женщин с ожирением способствует восстановлению функциональной активности фагоцитов, регулирует апоптоз и, по мнению авторов, играет существенную роль в профилактике ожирения у ребенка [37].…”

Section: электронная версияunclassified

The perinatal period as a window of opportunity for preventing childhood obesity

Evsyukova¹,

Ukraintsev²,

Макарова³

2020

Vopr. det. dietol.

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The review substantiates the understanding of the absence of melatonin production with a circadian rhythm in pregnant women associated with certain pathologies (obesity, diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, gestosis of pregnancy, chronic placental insufficiency, etc.) and its role in the genesis of metabolic dysregulation in childhood and programming of health problems later in life. A new approach to assessing the risks of obesity and development of methods of its prevention in children, who did not receive maternal melatonin has been determined, with special attention to an individual selection of a milk formula that is optimally close to the breast milk composition. Key words: obesity, newborn, melatonin, circadian rhythm, breast milk, human milk oligosaccharides

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Melatonin Stability in Human Milk

Cited by 19 publications

References 13 publications

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

Circadian Variation in Human Milk Composition, a Systematic Review

The Role of Prenatal Melatonin in the Regulation of Childhood Obesity

The perinatal period as a window of opportunity for preventing childhood obesity

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