Melatonin Secretion and Muscle Strength in Elderly Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort

Obayashi, Kenji; Saeki, Keigo; Maegawa, Taeko; Iwamoto, Junko; Sakai, Takahide; Otaki, Naoto; Kataoka, Hiroshi; Kurumatani, Norio

doi:10.1093/gerona/glw030

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 40 publications

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“…Conversely, Escames et al reported that, in humans, due to a lack of control on competing Zeitgebers and the difficulty to directly estimate the SCN input, the effects of exercise on endogenous melatonin are controversial [173]. Moreover, enhanced urinary melatonin was associated with more grip and quadriceps muscle strength in the elderly population [174]. However, in previously sedentary men and women aged 40-75 years after one year of moderate exercise, the urinary melatonin metabolite levels were unchanged [175].…”

Section: Impact Of Melatonin On Skeletal Muscle Activity and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Melatonin on Skeletal Muscle and Exercise

Stacchiotti

Favero

Rodella

2020

Cells

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Skeletal muscle disorders are dramatically increasing with human aging with enormous sanitary costs and impact on the quality of life. Preventive and therapeutic tools to limit onset and progression of muscle frailty include nutrition and physical training. Melatonin, the indole produced at nighttime in pineal and extra-pineal sites in mammalians, has recognized anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Mitochondria are the favorite target of melatonin, which maintains them efficiently, scavenging free radicals and reducing oxidative damage. Here, we discuss the most recent evidence of dietary melatonin efficacy in age-related skeletal muscle disorders in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies. Furthermore, we analyze the emerging impact of melatonin on physical activity. Finally, we consider the newest evidence of the gut–muscle axis and the influence of exercise and probably melatonin on the microbiota. In our opinion, this review reinforces the relevance of melatonin as a safe nutraceutical that limits skeletal muscle frailty and prolongs physical performance.

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Section: Impact Of Melatonin On Skeletal Muscle Activity and Exercisementioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Melatonin on Skeletal Muscle and Exercise

Stacchiotti

Favero

Rodella

2020

Cells

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“…It is involved in important signaling pathways at the cellular level, and is thought to have anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties[17]—observations supporting the notion that melatonin might play a role in health promotion and disease prevention for older adults[18]. In humans, research has focused primarily on melatonin supplementation and/or bright light therapy and cognitive function in patients with existing cognitive impairment[19–27]; however, research is extremely limited on the association of endogenous melatonin levels (a key marker of circadian rhythms) with important aspects of healthy aging [28, 29]. Thus, we evaluated urinary melatonin levels in relation to cognitive function, physical function, and mortality in older, community-dwelling men participating in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men (MrOS) Study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of urinary melatonin levels and aging-related outcomes in older men

et al. 2016

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Background Circadian disruptions can contribute to accelerated aging, and the circadian system regulates cognitive and physical functions; therefore, circadian markers (e.g., melatonin) may be associated with key aspects of healthy aging and longevity. Objective To evaluate urinary melatonin levels in relation to cognitive function, physical function, and mortality among 2,821 older men in the Osteoporotic Fractures in Men Study Design Cohort study Measurements In 2003–2005, participants provided first-morning spot urine samples, which were assayed for 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (the primary melatonin metabolite in urine); cognitive and physical function assessments were completed twice, at baseline and an average of 6.5 years later. Participant deaths were confirmed by central review of death certificates over a mean of 9.2 years of follow up. Results In multivariable-adjusted regression models, we observed a significant trend of better Digit Vigilance Test scores (i.e., decreased time to completion) at baseline across increasing melatonin quartiles (p-trend=0.01); however, mean time-to-completion scores did not significantly differ comparing extreme quartiles (group means: 547.1 seconds (95% CI: 533.6, 560.6) versus 561.3 seconds (95% CI: 547.8, 574.9)), and there were no associations of urinary melatonin levels with other cognitive test scores, or any cognitive change scores over time. Furthermore, melatonin levels were not related to physical function scores (p-trends=0.4 for walking speed, 0.7 for chair stands, and 0.6 for grip strength in fully-adjusted models) or mortality risk (p-trend=0.3 in the fully-adjusted model). Conclusion We found little evidence of associations between urinary melatonin levels and key measures of healthy aging and mortality in this cohort of older men. Further research should explore the relation of melatonin, particularly if assessed earlier in life, and other circadian markers with healthy aging outcomes.

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“…It is known that BDNF plays a crucial role in neurogenesis, neuronal survival, and synaptic plasticity [99, 100]. Therefore, the improved activity of BDNF, consequent to the antioxidant properties of Mel, should have been causal in neuroprotection as shown by [33], but also in improving the cognitive capacities [34] in increasing the muscular strength [32] and in protecting against the neurotoxicity induced by the beta-amyloid peptide [36, 37]. Altogether, these effects probably explain the therapeutic capability of Mel in Alzheimer and Parkinson patients [31, 35].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The age-related reductions in the plasmatic levels of Mel [7] also have been related to the impairments in muscular strength [32] and it has been found that the exogenous administration of Mel has neuroprotective effects [33] and increases the cognitive capacity [34], effects that have particular therapeutic activity in Alzheimer and Parkinson patients [30, 35] showing a protective activity against the neurotoxicity induced by the beta-amyloid peptide [36, 37]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the Behavioural Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone and Melatonin in Young and Old Wistar Rats

Barceló

Nicolau

Gamundı́

et al. 2016

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Growth hormone (GH) and melatonin are two hormones with quite different physiological effects. Curiously, their secretion shows parallel and severe age-related reductions. This has promoted many reports for studying the therapeutic supplementation of both hormones in an attempt to avoid or delay the physical, physiological, and psychological decay observed in aged humans and in experimental animals. Interestingly, the effects of the external administration of low doses of GH and of melatonin were surprisingly similar, as both hormones caused significant improvements in the functional capabilities of aged subjects. The present report aims at discerning the eventual difference between cognitive and motor effects of the two hormones when administered to young and aged Wistar rats. The effects were tested in the radial maze, a test highly sensitive to the age-related impairments in working memory and also in the rotarod test, for evaluating the motor coordination. The results showed that both hormones caused clear improvements in both tasks. However, while GH improved the cognitive capacity and, most importantly, the physical stamina, the effects of melatonin should be attributed to its antioxidant, anxiolytic, and neuroprotective properties.

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Melatonin Secretion and Muscle Strength in Elderly Individuals: A Cross-Sectional Study of the HEIJO-KYO Cohort

Abstract: Melatonin secretion was significantly associated with muscle strength in this elderly population. Further longitudinal studies are needed to ascertain the effect of melatonin levels on muscle strength.

Cited by 20 publications

References 40 publications

Impact of Melatonin on Skeletal Muscle and Exercise

Impact of Melatonin on Skeletal Muscle and Exercise

Association of urinary melatonin levels and aging-related outcomes in older men

Comparing the Behavioural Effects of Exogenous Growth Hormone and Melatonin in Young and Old Wistar Rats

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