Melatonin restricts Pb-induced PCD by enhancing BI-1 expression in tobacco suspension cells

Abstract

Melatonin is a conserved substance, which was discovered in the evolutionary distant organisms like bacteria, plants, invertebrates and vertebrates. Recent studies have shown that melatonin despite its possible role in photoperiod processes, has been found to be a direct free radical scavenger and an indirect antioxidant. In this report the impact of exogenous melatonin on the Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) expression level in Nicotiana tabacum L. line Bright Yellow 2 (BY-2) suspension cells exposed to lead was examined. BI-1 is a well-conserved protein in plants and animals that serves as the inhibitor of mammalian proapoptotic proteins as well as plant ROS-induced cell death. Our results showed that pretreatment with 200 nm melatonin, expressing BI-1 and fortified tobacco suspension cells against damages induced by lead. The obtained results revealed, that melatonin significantly increases BY-2 cells proliferation and protects BY-2 cells against death. Moreover, the conducted analyses showed for the first time that the protective effect of melatonin may be connected not only with its antioxidant properties but also with its direct impact on elevating BI-1 expression and lead-induced programmed cell death (PCD) restriction.

Melatonin redirects carbohydrates metabolism during sugar starvation in plant cells

“…Consequences of redox balance disorder depend on the stress intensity, which determines the amount of ROS generated and physiological and chemical cell condition. Free radicals and ROS produced under stresses are destructive factors that cause lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation and DNA damage . Various environmental stresses inhibit plant growth via different mechanisms however all cause rises in ROS, and therefore, they are core factors that limit the biological potential of cultivars and decrease plant production.…”

“…Various environmental stresses inhibit plant growth via different mechanisms however all cause rises in ROS, and therefore, they are core factors that limit the biological potential of cultivars and decrease plant production. The best solution of this problem seems to be searching and using natural substances—biostimulators, which are able to enhance plant tolerance or protect them against stresses . Among the different protective substances occurring in plants, melatonin seems to have great biostimulatory potential .…”

“…Free radicals and ROS produced under stresses are destructive factors that cause lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation and DNA damage. 14,68 Various environmental stresses inhibit plant growth via different mechanisms however all cause rises in ROS, and therefore, they are core factors that limit the biological potential of cultivars and decrease plant production. The best solution of this problem seems to be searching and using natural substances-biostimulators, which are able to enhance plant tolerance or protect them against stresses.…”

“…9,10 It changes during ontogenetic development and is various in different organs (such as seeds, leaves, roots, flowers and others), 9,11 moreover, often depends on environmental conditions. Many published data showed that melatonin protects plants against multiple abiotic processes such as cold, 12 copper, 13 lead, 14,15 high temperature, 16 salt, 17 osmotic, 18 drought 19 stresses and also pathogen infection. 20 These published results partially explain how melatonin acts in plant stress defence and why various plant species rich in melatonin have shown higher capacity for stress tolerance.…”

Osmotic Stress Induced Cell Death in Wheat Is Alleviated by Tauroursodeoxycholic Acid and Involves Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress–Related Gene Expression

“…This cascade leads directly to the accumulation of ROS (Williams et al, 2014; Petrov et al, 2015; Kobylinska and Posmyk, 2016). ROS accumulation in cells may activate apoptosis-inducing factors and result in programmed cell death (Hwang et al, 2014; Petrov et al, 2015).…”