Melatonin Mitigates Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings by Modulating Polyamine Metabolism

Ke, Qingbo; Ye, Jun; Wang, Bomei; Ren, Jianhong; Yin, Lina; Deng, Xin; Wang, Shiwen

doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00914

Cited by 169 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 62 publications

(77 reference statements)

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“…The MDA and EL content of the 20 μM melatonin-treated seeds were significantly lower than those of NaCl-treated seeds, confirming that the effect of melatonin was dose dependent and that a suitable concentration of melatonin could reduce peroxidation damage to membrane lipids (Fig 4, Table 1). Based on these observations, an optimal melatonin concentration appears to mitigate the accumulation of H 2 O 2 , defending against oxidative stress, and too much melatonin disrupts ROS accumulation in germinating seeds, consistent with previous research [45].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

et al. 2020

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Melatonin (MT; is an amine hormone involved in abiotic stress resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that melatonin can promote seed germination, mediate physiological regulation mechanisms, and stimulate crop growth under stress. However, the osmotic regulation mechanism by which exogenous melatonin mediates salt tolerance in cotton is still largely unknown. To investigate the effect of salt stress on melatonin concentration in germinating cotton seeds, we analyzed melatonin content over time during seed germination under different treatments. Melatonin content reached its minimum at day 6, while cotton germination rates peaked at day 6, indicating melatonin content and seed germination are correlated. Then we investigated the effects of 10-100 μM melatonin treatments on membrane lipid peroxides and osmotic adjustment substances during cotton seed germination under salt stress. Salt stress led to electrolyte leakage (EL) as well as accumulations of hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ), malondialdehyde (MDA), organic osmotic substances (i.e., proline, soluble sugars), and inorganic osmotic substances (i.e., Na + , Cl -). Meanwhile, the contents of melatonin, soluble proteins, and K + as well as the K + /Na + balance decreased, indicating that salt stress inhibited melatonin synthesis and damaged cellular membranes, seriously affecting seed germination. However, melatonin pretreatment at different concentrations alleviated the adverse effects of salt stress on cotton seeds and reduced EL as well as the contents of H 2 O 2 , MDA, Na + , and Cl -. The exogenous application of melatonin also promoted melatonin, soluble sugar, soluble proteins, proline, and K + /Na + contents under salt stress. These results demonstrate that supplemental melatonin can effectively ameliorate the repression of cotton seed germination by enhancing osmotic regulating substances and adjusting ion homeostasis under salt stress. Thus, melatonin may potentially be used to protect cotton seeds from salt stress, with the 20 μM melatonin treatment most effectively promoting cotton seed germination and improving salt stress tolerance. et al. (2020) Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). PLoS ONE 15(1): e0228241. https://doi.org/10.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

et al. 2020

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“…Singh et al [17] reported a significant loss in growth (such as short plant height, lower biomass, and less photosynthetic pigments) and gross photosynthesis in tomato seedlings treated with salt. Inhibition of root and shoot growth, leaf photosynthesis rate, maximum photochemistry efficiency of photosystem II, and chlorophyll were observed in wheat and cotton seedlings that were exposed to saline conditions [39,40]. Similar to the previous studies mentioned above, this study demonstrated significant adverse effects of salinity on cotton seedling growth and the resulting physiological characteristics under hydroponic culture.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 86%

Nitrogen Enhances Salt Tolerance by Modulating the Antioxidant Defense System and Osmoregulation Substance Content in Gossypium hirsutum

Sikder

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2020

Plants

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Increasing soil salinity suppresses both productivity and fiber quality of cotton, thus, an appropriate management approach needs to be developed to lessen the detrimental effect of salinity stress. This study assessed two cotton genotypes with different salt sensitivities to investigate the possible role of nitrogen supplementation at the seedling stage. Salt stress induced by sodium chloride (NaCl, 200 mmol·L −1 ) decreased the growth traits and dry mass production of both genotypes. Nitrogen supplementation increased the plant water status, photosynthetic pigment synthesis, and gas exchange attributes. Addition of nitrogen to the saline media significantly decreased the generation of lethal oxidative stress biomarkers such as hydrogen peroxide, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage ratio. The activity of the antioxidant defense system was upregulated in both saline and non-saline growth media as a result of nitrogen application. Furthermore, nitrogen supplementation enhanced the accumulation of osmolytes, such as soluble sugars, soluble proteins, and free amino acids. This established the beneficial role of nitrogen by retaining additional osmolality to uphold the relative water content and protect the photosynthetic apparatus, particularly in the salt-sensitive genotype. In summary, nitrogen application may represent a potential strategy to overcome the salinity-mediated impairment of cotton to some extent.Plants 2020, 9, 450 2 of 20 most sensitivity to salinity during the seedling growth stage, and remained sensitive at the reproductive stage [9]. Excess salinity inhibits plant growth and development by inducing osmotic stress, particular ion toxicity (Na + and Cl − ), oxidative damage, and/or nutritional disorders in plant tissues, which subsequently lead to weakened plant growth and endurance [10][11][12]. Salt stress has been shown to significantly decrease the uptake and metabolism of numerous mineral nutrients (such as nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, and calcium), and accelerate the damage of the photosynthetic machinery as well as the whole salt tolerance mechanisms of plants. Salt stress-induced plant metabolism alterations are the secondary consequence of carbon and nitrogen metabolism [13]. Moreover, a high salt concentration perturbs electron transport systems in both chloroplasts and mitochondria [14,15]. This accelerates electron leakage from electron transportation chains and induces the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), such as superoxide radicals, hydroxyl radicals, and hydrogen peroxide [16,17]. The over-accumulation of ROS not only damages cellular and biological activities [18][19][20], but also degrades chlorophyll pigments and obstructs the synthesis of proteins, amino acids, lipids, deoxyribonucleic acid, as well as enzymatic and non-enzymatic activities of plants [17]. To avoid ROS-induced oxidative damage, plant-assured endogenous tolerance approaches, such as the antioxidant defense system as well as the accumulation of organic solutes and secondary metabolites [21]....

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“…Experimental evidence proves that melatonin is an efficient free-radical scavenger and antioxidant under stress conditions, can directly scavenge excessive ROS and reactive nitrogen species (RNS), and can enhance the activity of the antioxidative enzymatic system, which controls the burst of hydrogen peroxide in plants and protects them from oxidative stress [35,36]. Melatonin has been used extensively in enhancing multiple stress resistances in various plant species including rice, wheat, barley, cucumber, soybean, perennial ryegrass and alfalfa [37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. Melatonin participates in stress responses via crosstalk with various phytohormones, such as auxin (IAA), ethylene (ET), jasmonic acid (JA), salicylic acid (SA) and brassinosteroids (BR) [33].…”

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confidence: 99%

Melatonin Application Improves Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

Cen

Wang

Liu

et al. 2020

Plants

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Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important and widely cultivated forage grass. The productivity and forage quality of alfalfa are severely affected by salt stress. Melatonin is a bioactive molecule with versatile physiological functions and plays important roles in response to various biotic and abiotic stresses. Melatonin has been proven efficient in improving alfalfa drought and waterlogging tolerance in recent studies. In our reports, we applied melatonin exogenously to explore the effects of melatonin on alfalfa growth and salt resistance. The results demonstrated that melatonin application promoted alfalfa seed germination and seedling growth, and reduced oxidative damage under salt stress. Further application research found that melatonin alleviated salt injury in alfalfa plants under salt stress. The electrolyte leakage, malondialdehyde (MDA) content and H 2 O 2 content were significantly reduced, and the activities of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn-SOD) were increased with melatonin pretreatment compared to control plants under salt stress with the upregulation of genes related to melatonin and antioxidant enzymes biosynthesis. Melatonin was also involved in reducing Na + accumulation in alfalfa plants. Our study indicates that melatonin plays a primary role as an antioxidant in scavenging H 2 O 2 and enhancing activities of antioxidant enzymes to improve the salt tolerance of alfalfa plants.Plants 2020, 9, 220 2 of 17 world's irrigated land affected by saline or sodic globally [7,8]. Salinity has become one of the most important environmental stress factors impairing worldwide agricultural productivity. Under salinity conditions, the seed germination, growth and development processes of alfalfa are inhibited and they finally impair the herbage yield, as well as the forage quality [9]. Breeding new alfalfa cultivars with high salt tolerance is always needed. Genetic engineering and conventional breeding have been proven efficient for improving salt tolerance of various plant species [10][11][12][13]. However, they are time-consuming and complicated. Exogenous application of certain plant growth regulators such as phytohormone and other small molecules has been proven efficient at overcoming the harmful effects of salt stress on plants [14][15][16][17]. Moreover, plant growth regulators in low concentrations always play a role in plants, and are cost-effective. Foliar spraying of salicylic acid (SA) on faba bean inhibits Na + accumulation and lipid peroxidation, improving the antioxidant resistance and finally mitigating the damage caused by salinity [18]. Exogenously applied poly-γ-glutamic acid on wheat maintains the Na + and K + homeostasis and enhances antioxidant capacity by alleviating salinity damage under salt stress conditions [19]. Exogenous spermidine application to salt-stressed cucumber improves the photosynthetic capacity and the activity of key enzymes for CO 2 fixation by regulating the expression of related genes, and tolerance to salinity is thus...

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Melatonin Mitigates Salt Stress in Wheat Seedlings by Modulating Polyamine Metabolism

Cited by 169 publications

References 62 publications

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Exogenous melatonin promotes seed germination and osmotic regulation under salt stress in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

Nitrogen Enhances Salt Tolerance by Modulating the Antioxidant Defense System and Osmoregulation Substance Content in Gossypium hirsutum

Melatonin Application Improves Salt Tolerance of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) by Enhancing Antioxidant Capacity

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