Melatonin Levels in Children with Obesity Are Associated with Metabolic Risk and Inflammatory Parameters

Gombert, Marie; Martín-Carbonell, Vanessa; Pin-Arboledas, Gonzalo; Carrasco-Luna, Joaquín; Carrasco-García, Álvaro; Codoñer‐Franch, Pilar

doi:10.3390/nu13103629

Cited by 9 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 49 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…Our previous studies [44] found decreased melatonin levels in overweight children. Another study indicated increased melatonin levels in obese people [45]. The authors attributed this to the fact that melatonin, which is involved in antioxidant and anti-inflammatory protection, may be activated in the context of obesity as a compensatory mechanism.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Frequency of night eating syndrome and melatonin levels in the urine of adolescents

Sorokman¹,

Khlunovska²

2022

ZMJ

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Aim. The aim is to study the frequency of night eating syndrome (NES) and its correlation with melatonin levels in the daily urine of adolescents. Materials and methods. Primary screening of 486 adolescents (15–18 years) with complaints of eating disorders, overweight, obesity, which included a survey (test “Depressive Disorders in Adolescents”, Night Eating Questionnaire (NEQ), Dutch Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (DEBQ) and anthropometry (BMI) was conducted. In the second stage, a sample of 56 adolescents (11.5 %) who met the NES criteria of DSM-5 (main group) and 50 adolescents who did not have NES (comparison group) was formed. The urine concentration of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin (6-COMT) was determined by enzyme immunoassay (Buhlmann 6-Sulfatoxymelatonin ELISA Kit, Switzerland). Results. Deficit of body weight had 3 (8.8 %) of adolescent boys, 20 (58.8 %) were overweight, 1 (2.9 %) – obese and only 10 (29.4 %) had the average normative values of body weight; among female adolescents, 1 (4.5 %) – body weight deficit and obesity, 10 (45.5 %) – overweight and average normative indicators. According to the DEBQ, restrictive eating behaviors were identified in 15 (26.8 %) adolescents; in 30 (53.6 %) adolescents – emotional and in 11 (19.6 %) adolescents – external. The mean score of the NEQ was 28.4 ± 2.2 and positively correlated with BMI (r = +0.62, P < 0.05). Participants who exceeded the screening threshold for NES (n = 56, 11.5 %) had increased BMI (P < 0.01), likelihood of overweight/obesity (P = 0.001), consumption of sugary drinks (P < 0.001), daytime sleep less than twice a week (P < 0.01), shorter sleep duration (P < 0.01), high and moderate levels of depression, lower levels of melatonin, which were inversely correlated with the results of the NEQ (r = -0.68, P < 0.05). Conclusions. The prevalence of NES among teenagers was 11.5 %. Among the types of eating behavior, the most common was the emotional type (53.6 %). Adolescents with NES had a significantly higher total depression score (96.7 ± 8.06, P < 0.001) and a lower level of 6-COMT (22.89 ± 3.44, P < 0.001), which was inversely correlated with the degree of NES (r = -0.68, P < 0.05), BMI (r = -0.74; P < 0.01) and depression level (r = -0.65; P < 0.01).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Frequency of night eating syndrome and melatonin levels in the urine of adolescents

Sorokman¹,

Khlunovska²

2022

ZMJ

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“…The level of melatonin in children with obesity increased during 1 h of sleep, which was up-regulated in the context of obesity as a compensatory mechanism. The organism triggered its production to increase drowsiness, promote behaviors that increased sleep time or counteract the pro-inflammatory and antioxidant effects caused by obesity and lack of sleep [ 157 ]. Therefore, the improvement of sleep disorders by melatonin may be of great significance in the regulation of obesity.…”

Section: Potential Mechanisms Of Melatonin In Obesitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Guan

Wang

Cao

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Obesity and its complications have become a prominent global public health problem that severely threatens human health. Melatonin, originally known as an effective antioxidant, is an endogenous hormone found throughout the body that serves various physiological functions. In recent decades, increasing attention has been paid to its unique function in regulating energy metabolism, especially in glucose and lipid metabolism. Accumulating evidence has established the relationship between melatonin and obesity; nevertheless, not all preclinical and clinical evidence indicates the anti-obesity effect of melatonin, which makes it remain to conclude the clinical effect of melatonin in the fight against obesity. In this review, we have summarized the current knowledge of melatonin in regulating obesity-related symptoms, with emphasis on its underlying mechanisms. The role of melatonin in regulating the lipid profile, adipose tissue, oxidative stress, and inflammation, as well as the interactions of melatonin with the circadian rhythm, gut microbiota, sleep disorder, as well as the α7nAChR, the opioidergic system, and exosomes, make melatonin a promising agent to open new avenues in the intervention of obesity.

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“…As the fundamental stimulus for tuning, external light entrains the SCN rhythm period, synchronizes with the environment, and inhibits melatonin synthesis as well. Circadian rhythm misalignment may contribute to the development of a wide range of disorders, including fertility impairment ( Willis et al, 2019 ; Gombert et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-term environmental exposure of darkness induces hyperandrogenism in PCOS via melatonin receptor 1A and aromatase reduction

Chu

Geng

et al. 2022

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common and complex disorder impairing female fertility, yet its etiology remains elusive. It is reported that circadian rhythm disruption might play a crucial role in PCOS pathologic progression. Here, in this research, we investigated the effect of environmental long-term circadian rhythm dysfunction and clarified its pathogenic mechanism in the development of PCOS, which might provide the targeted clinical strategies to patients with PCOS. Female SD rats were used to construct a circadian rhythm misalignment model with constant darkness (12/12-h dark/dark cycle), and the control group was kept under normal circadian rhythm exposure (12/12-h light/dark cycle) for 8 weeks. We measured their reproductive, endocrinal, and metabolic profiles at different zeitgeber times (ZTs). Different rescue methods, including melatonin receptor agonist and normal circadian rhythm restoration, and in vitro experiments on the KGN cell line were performed. We found that long-term darkness caused PCOS-like reproductive abnormalities, including estrous cycle disorder, polycystic ovaries, LH elevation, hyperandrogenism, and glucose intolerance. In addition, the expression of melatonin receptor 1A (Mtnr1a) in ovarian granulosa cells significantly decreased in the darkness group. Normal light/dark cycle and melatonin receptor agonist application relieved hyperandrogenism of darkness-treated rats. In vitro experiments demonstrated that decreased MTNR1A inhibited androgen receptor (AR) and CYP19A1 expression, and AR acted as an essential downstream factor of MTNR1A in modulating aromatase abundance. Overall, our finding demonstrates the significant influence of circadian rhythms on PCOS occurrence, suggests that MTNR1A and AR play vital roles in pathological progression of hyperandrogenism, and broadens current treatment strategies for PCOS in clinical practice.

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Melatonin Levels in Children with Obesity Are Associated with Metabolic Risk and Inflammatory Parameters

Cited by 9 publications

References 49 publications

Frequency of night eating syndrome and melatonin levels in the urine of adolescents

Frequency of night eating syndrome and melatonin levels in the urine of adolescents

Mechanisms of Melatonin in Obesity: A Review

Long-term environmental exposure of darkness induces hyperandrogenism in PCOS via melatonin receptor 1A and aromatase reduction

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