Melatonin increased hypoxia‐inducible factor (HIF) by inhibiting prolyl hydroxylase: A hypothesis for treating anaemia, ischaemia, and covid‐19

Roxadustat for SARS-CoV-2 Infection: Old Signaling Raised New Hopes

“…An in vitro study involving a human cell line showed that RXT reduced entry and replication of SARS-CoV-2 through intensification of the HIF-1α pathway [9]. To date, melatonin has been hypothesized to be a potent PHD inhibitor that regulates the expression of the ACE2/ TMPRSS2 axis [13]. Of note, an evaluation of 11,672 patients revealed that melatonin decreases the risk for the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing the expression of ACE2 [13].…”

“…To date, melatonin has been hypothesized to be a potent PHD inhibitor that regulates the expression of the ACE2/ TMPRSS2 axis [13]. Of note, an evaluation of 11,672 patients revealed that melatonin decreases the risk for the development of SARS-CoV-2 infection by reducing the expression of ACE2 [13].…”