Melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes (Tph1, Aanat1, Aanat2, and Hiomt) and their temporal pattern of expression in brain and gut of a tropical carp in natural environmental conditions

Devi, Haobijam Sanjita; Rajiv, Chongtham; Mondal, Gopinath; Khan, Zeeshan Ahmad; Devi, Sijagurumayum Dharmajyoti; Yumnamcha, Thangal; Bharali, Rupjyoti; Chattoraj, Asamanja

doi:10.1080/23312025.2016.1230337

Cited by 21 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Tissue was sonicated, followed by two sequential centrifugations of the supernatant at 3,000 g at 4°C for 20 min in a microfuge until the supernatant became clear. The clear supernatants were carefully collected, and melatonin levels were assayed using a Human Melatonin (MT) ELISA Kit (Gen Asia, China) (Sanjita Devi et al, ), according to the manufacturer's instruction. Absorbance was measured at 450 nm using a Multiskan spectrum reader (Thermo Fisher).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of melatonin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on the zebrafish brain-pituitary-reproductive axis

et al. 2017

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Circadian cycles and photoperiod are known to influence reproductive physiology in several animals. Neuropeptides, such as gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone (GNIH) and gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GNRH), are influenced by melatonin in birds and mammals. The present study demonstrates the role of melatonin in oocyte maturation in the zebrafish (Danio rerio), via the brain-pituitary-reproductive axis, under different photic conditions. Melatonin was significantly higher both in the whole brain and ovary under continuous dark (DD) compared to continuous light (LL) conditions. Transcription of gnih in the brain was high in LL, but low in DD; similarly, melatonin exogenous treatment reduced gnih in cultured brain in a dose-dependent manner. Expression of gnrh3, however, was high in both continuous photic conditions (DD and LL), whereas fshb and lhb were high only during DD. kiss2, another neuropeptide, was high in LL, but kiss1 remain unchanged among the conditions. At the gonad level, expression of fshr, lhcgr, mtnr1aa, and mtnr1ab tracked with the expression of their respective ligand in DD and LL. The expression of mprb is high in DD ovary, although intra-ovarian growth factors (tgfb1a and bmp15) were low. The measured increased percentages of germinal vesicle breakdown, expression of Cyclin B1, and reduced Cdc2p34 phosphorylation are consistent with increased maturation in the dark. Our study thus links melatonin to the inhibition of gnih in the brain-pituitary-reproductive axis of zebrafish in response to photic conditions.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interaction of melatonin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on the zebrafish brain-pituitary-reproductive axis

et al. 2017

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“…The distinct pattern of these enzyme genes expression in central (pineal, retina and brain) and peripheral organs (gut, ovary etc.) provides a clue about the presence of central and peripheral clock machinery in fish to maintain homeostasis in dynamic environmental conditions [4,19,20].…”

Section: Melatonin and Clock Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Extra-pineal Sources of Melatonin: The pineal organ and retina are considered as the primary site for the melatonin biosynthesis, however, recently, the search for the melatonin bio-synthesising machinery in different organs has been expedited and the results were astonishing. Melatonin bio-synthesising machinery were reported in brain and peripheral tissues like ovary, gut, kidney, liver, muscle and heart which plays an important role in proper functioning of the body [2,4,[20][21][22][23][24][25]. This is paradigm shifting as it has increased the biological significance of melatonin and opened new vistas for melatonin research.…”

Section: Melatonin and Clock Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the ovary, melatonin plays a crucial role in maintaining the ovarian function [10,20] and also induces oocytes maturation in Catla catla [27]. The expression pattern of melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes in gut and brain were changed rhythmically and distinct from each other in natural photo-thermal conditions [4,22]. Remarkably, melatonin production in gut tissue is enormously higher than that of the pineal organ and plays a crucial role in many physiological functions [4,28].…”

Section: Melatonin and Clock Genesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Melatonin is principally expressed during the dark phase [3]. The biological rhythm of this hormone is regulated by environmental photo-thermal conditions [4][5][6]. The level of melatonin rises after the onset of dark phase, attains peak at night and slowly attenuates before the onset of light hence it is termed as the "dark hormone" [3].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Melatonin Bio-Synthesizing Machinery in Fish: A Current Knowledge with a Special Emphasis on Tropical Carp

Devi¹,

Rajiv²,

Khan³

et al. 2016

Single Cell Biol

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Melatonin is a chronobiotic molecule, mainly synthesized in the pineal organ in all vertebrates. Recent studies emphasize the production of this indole amine hormone in extra-pineal sources in fish as well as in other vertebrates. The present communication is aimed to put a light on the recent development on the extra-pineal sources of melatonin with special attention on the tropical carp. The importance and involvement of clock-associated genes are also taken into the consideration for understanding the integrate phenomenon of rhythm physiology. The uniqueness of the melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes in fish has also been focused. The sudden changes in the environmental factors are affecting the daily and seasonal physiological activities of fish. Studies from our group on tropical carp Catla catla indicate the changes on the rhythmic pattern of these enzymes at their mRNA level. Moreover, results also focused to establish this tropical carp as a model for the studies on the rhythm biology.

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Daily and Seasonal Expression Profile of Serum Melatonin and Its Biosynthesizing Enzyme Genes (tph1, aanat1, aanat2, andhiomt) in Pineal Organ and Retina: A Study under Natural Environmental Conditions in a Tropical Carp,Catla catla

et al. 2016

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The tropical carp Catla catla is gaining importance for the studies of the impact of environmental changes on aquatic animals due to its surface dwelling habitat. To date, no information is available on the transcriptional profile of melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes in any tropical carp under either natural or artificial photothermal conditions in pineal and retina. The present study is an attempt to demonstrate the temporal pattern of expression of melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes, tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (tph1), arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (aanat1 and aanat2), and hydroxyindole-O-methyltransferase (hiomt) collectively and simultaneously in pineal organ and retina in tropical fish, C. catla, on a daily and seasonal basis under natural environmental conditions along with the serum melatonin levels. Depending upon the changes of the natural photothermal conditions, in four phases of an annual cycle, the variation and/or shifting of the rhythm parameters of different melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes in these two organs are different. Moreover, relative expression of these genes varies based on tissue and season. The serum melatonin levels correspond to the expression pattern of pineal aanat2 and hiomt. This finding indicates a possible organization of melatonin biosynthesizing enzyme genes with reproductive phases differently in these two photoreceptive organs for maintaining its physiological functions.

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Melatonin bio-synthesizing enzyme genes (Tph1, Aanat1, Aanat2, and Hiomt) and their temporal pattern of expression in brain and gut of a tropical carp in natural environmental conditions

Cited by 21 publications

References 59 publications

Interaction of melatonin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on the zebrafish brain-pituitary-reproductive axis

Interaction of melatonin and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone on the zebrafish brain-pituitary-reproductive axis

Melatonin Bio-Synthesizing Machinery in Fish: A Current Knowledge with a Special Emphasis on Tropical Carp

Daily and Seasonal Expression Profile of Serum Melatonin and Its Biosynthesizing Enzyme Genes (tph1, aanat1, aanat2, andhiomt) in Pineal Organ and Retina: A Study under Natural Environmental Conditions in a Tropical Carp,Catla catla

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