Melatonin Attenuates Noise Stress-induced Gastrointestinal Motility Disorder and Gastric Stress Ulcer: Role of Gastrointestinal Hormones and Oxidative Stress in Rats

Abstract

Background/Aims There are increasing evidences for gastrointestinal motility disorder (GIMD) and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The present study was to investigate the reversed effect of melatonin on GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress and potential mechanism. Methods Noise stress was induced on rats, and melatonin (15 mg/kg) was administered to rats by intraperitoneal injection. Differences were assessed in gastric residual rate (GRR), small intestine propulsion rate (SPR), Guth injury score, cortisol, gastrointestinal hormones (calcitonin-gene-related peptide and motilin) and oxidative stress markers (superoxide dismutase and malondialde hyde) in blood plasma as well as gastric mucosa homogenate with or without melatonin. The pathological examination of gastric mucosa was also performed. Results The GRR and SPR were improved by noise stress compared with control ( P < 0.05). The pathological examination and Guth injury score revealed gastric stress ulcer. Moreover, the levels of cortisol, motilin and malondialdehyde in blood plasma and malondialdehyde in gastric mucosa homogenate were increased by noise stress ( P < 0.05). CGRP and superoxide dismutase activity in both of blood plasma and gastric mucosa homogenate were significantly decreased ( P < 0.05). Furthermore, melatonin reversed changes in GRR, SPR, pathological examination, Guth injury score, cortisol, motilin, CGRP, superoxide dismutase activity and malondialdehyde ( P < 0.05). Conclusions Melatonin is effective in reversing the GIMD and gastric stress ulcer induced by noise stress. The underlying mechanism may be involved in oxidative stress and gastrointestinal hormones.

Evaluating unspecific oxidative stress parameters in the sera of patients with irritable bowel syndrome

“…Firstly Asadi-Shahmirzadi et al (37) demonstrated that the severity of stress-induced IBS was diminished by the Aloe vera/German chamomile mixture at all doses used but not dose-dependently, via inhibiting colonic MPO activity and improving oxidative stress status. Later Zhang et al (38) evaluated the melatonin effects on gastric residual rate, small intestine propulsion rate and regeneration of gastric mucosa breaked down by noise stress. Melatonin is effective in reversing the gastrointestinal motility disorder and gastric stress ulcer on noise stress induced rats by its antioxidant and neuroendocrine activity in the circadian organization that previously demonstrated (38).…”

“…Later Zhang et al (38) evaluated the melatonin effects on gastric residual rate, small intestine propulsion rate and regeneration of gastric mucosa breaked down by noise stress. Melatonin is effective in reversing the gastrointestinal motility disorder and gastric stress ulcer on noise stress induced rats by its antioxidant and neuroendocrine activity in the circadian organization that previously demonstrated (38). Lastly Garabadu et al (39) demonstrated that Eugenol protected against restraint stress induced development of IBS-like gastrointestinal dysfunction through modulation of HPA-axis and brain monoaminergic pathways apart from its antioxidant effect.…”

Mitigative Effects of Antioxidants in Noise Stress

“…Stress refers to a nonspecific response of the body to unpleasant stimuli, threatening homeostasis and the integrity of the organism [2,3]. It is a state of threatened homeostasis provoked by psychological, physiological and environmental stressors [4]. Noise is measured in decibel (dB) units [1].…”

Ameliorative Effects of Kaempferol and Zinc Gluconate on Erythrocyte Osmotic Fragility and Haematological Parameters in Wistar Rats Exposed to Noise Stress

“…The non-auditory effects include stress-related, physiological and behavioural effects. Noise stress induces increased reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) generation, which are capable of breaking down lipid and protein molecules and damaging DNA; triggering loss of function and cell death [4,9]. The ROS also trigger apoptosis by activating pro-apoptotic mitogen activated protein (MAP) kinase-signaling pathways [10].…”

“…Stress refers to a non-specific response of the body to unpleasant stimuli, threatening homeostasis and the integrity of the organism [2,3]. It is a state of threatened homeostasis provoked by psychological, physiological and environmental stressors [4]. Noise is measured in decibel (dB) units [1].…”