Melatonin and the pituitary‐thyroid axis status in blind adults: a possible resetting after puberty

Bellastella, Antonio; Aa, Sinisi; Criscuolo, T.; Bellis, Annamaria De; Carella, Carlo; Iorio, Sergio; Am, Sinisi; Parlato, F.; Venditto, Teresa; Pisano, G.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb00539.x

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…This is supported by evidence of increased inflammation and reduced melatonin levels in schizophrenia patients (Anderson and Maes, 2012; Muller et al, 2012). Conversely, blind individuals have elevated melatonin levels (Bellastella et al, 1995), which has been shown to attenuate cognitive impairments (Peck et al, 2004) and reduce inflammation (Cuzzocrea et al, 1999; Sharma et al, 2012). Another potential mechanism involves cortical thickness and pruning.…”

Section: Mediating Biological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Neuroplasticity Mechanisms by Which Congenital or Early Blindness May Confer a Protective Effect Against Schizophrenia

Silverstein¹,

Wang²,

Keane

2013

Front. Psychology

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Several authors have noted that there are no reported cases of people with schizophrenia who were born blind or who developed blindness shortly after birth, suggesting that congenital or early (C/E) blindness may serve as a protective factor against schizophrenia. By what mechanisms might this effect operate? Here, we hypothesize that C/E blindness offers protection by strengthening cognitive functions whose impairment characterizes schizophrenia, and by constraining cognitive processes that exhibit excessive flexibility in schizophrenia. After briefly summarizing evidence that schizophrenia is fundamentally a cognitive disorder, we review areas of perceptual and cognitive function that are both impaired in the illness and augmented in C/E blindness, as compared to healthy sighted individuals. We next discuss: (1) the role of neuroplasticity in driving these cognitive changes in C/E blindness; (2) evidence that C/E blindness does not confer protective effects against other mental disorders; and (3) evidence that other forms of C/E sensory loss (e.g., deafness) do not reduce the risk of schizophrenia. We conclude by discussing implications of these data for designing cognitive training interventions to reduce schizophrenia-related cognitive impairment, and perhaps to reduce the likelihood of the development of the disorder itself.

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Section: Mediating Biological Variablesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cognitive and Neuroplasticity Mechanisms by Which Congenital or Early Blindness May Confer a Protective Effect Against Schizophrenia

Silverstein¹,

Wang²,

Keane

2013

Front. Psychology

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“…Thus, it seems that in blind individuals with a retained circadian rhythm, the latter light perception system has a special significance. The inhibition of melatonine secretion under the influence of light impulse originating in the outer environment, even in individuals lacking light perception, allows as a result for the acceleration of puberty processes [BELLASTELLA et al 1995].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age of menarche in girls with sight organ diseases

Umławska

2000

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“…This influences menarche because melatonin overproduction is related with late menarche so people exposed to reduced sunlight hours could suffer a late sexual maturation. 47 Melatonin acts on gonads and reduces gonadotropin secretion, which retards the development of menarche in women and would prolong exposure to scoliosis-causative factors. 48 In the same line, visual impairments such as blindness would also affect menarche as the malfunctioning of the visual system would reduce the quantity of light that the subject would receive and, therefore, increase melatonin production.…”

Section: Summary Of Findingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Idiopathic scoliosis in subjects with eye diseases: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

Gallego‐Siles,

Siles‐Fuentes,

Ibáñez‐Vera

et al. 2024

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences

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Our aim was to find the best evidence on the prevalence of idiopathic scoliosis (IS) in subjects with eye diseases (EDs) and to determine the most common visual alterations that are present. Following the recommendations of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA), a bibliographic search up to June 2023 in the PubMed, PsycINFO, SCOPUS, and CINAHL Complete databases was performed. Observational studies were selected and the results were analyzed with prevalence odds ratio (OR). A total of six studies, including 18,396 subjects, were selected. The group of subjects with EDs was made up of 6048 individuals, of whom 655 (10.83%) had IS. The group of subjects without EDs was made up of 12,348 individuals of whom 444 (3.60%) presented with IS with an OR = 2.91, CI (95%) = [1.75, 4.83]. Blindness was assessed in a single study with an OR = 7.83, CI (95%) = [1.66, 36.90]; all three studies in the refractive error subgroup yielded an OR = 2.24, CI (95%) = [1.10, 4.58]; and the two studies that included subjects with strabismus showed an OR = 3.09, CI (95%) = [1.38, 7.00]. EDs were associated with an almost three times greater odds of having IS. We recommend the inclusion of vision testing in children with IS.

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Melatonin and the pituitary‐thyroid axis status in blind adults: a possible resetting after puberty

Cited by 12 publications

References 25 publications

Cognitive and Neuroplasticity Mechanisms by Which Congenital or Early Blindness May Confer a Protective Effect Against Schizophrenia

Cognitive and Neuroplasticity Mechanisms by Which Congenital or Early Blindness May Confer a Protective Effect Against Schizophrenia

Age of menarche in girls with sight organ diseases

Idiopathic scoliosis in subjects with eye diseases: A systematic review with meta‐analysis

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