Melatonin ameliorates oxidative organ damage induced by acute intra‐abdominal compartment syndrome in rats

Abstract

Acutely increased intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) can lead to multiple organ failure. As blood flow to intra-abdominal organs is reduced by high venous resistance, ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury plays an important role in the pathogenesis of abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) following IAP. Melatonin, a secretory product of the pineal gland, is known to have free radical scavenging and antioxidative properties in several oxidative processes. The objective of this study was to examine the potential protective properties of melatonin on the oxidative organ damage in a rat model of ACS. Under ketamine anesthesia, an arterial catheter was inserted intraperioneally (i.p.) and using an aneroid manometer connected to the catheter, IAP was kept at 20 mmHg (ischemia group; I) for 1 hr. In the ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) group, pressure applied for an hour was decompressed and a 1-hr reperfusion period was allowed. In another IR group, melatonin was administered (10 mg/kg, i.p.) immediately before the decompression of IAP. The results demonstrate that tissue levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase activity (MPO; index of tissue neutrophil infiltration) were elevated, while glutathione (GSH; a key to antioxidant) levels were reduced in both I and I/R groups (P < 0.05-0.001). Melatonin treatment in I/R rats reversed these changes (P < 0.01-0.001). Moreover, melatonin given to the I/R group reduced the elevations in serum aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase and blood urea nitrogen levels and abolished the increase in serum creatinine levels. Our results indicate that melatonin, because of antioxidant and free radical scavenging properties, ameliorates reperfusion-induced oxidative organ damage. In conclusion, the results of the present study suggest that the therapeutic value of melatonin as a 'reperfusion injury-limiting' agent must be considered in ACS.

Melatonin prevents experimental liver cirrhosis induced by thioacetamide in rats

“…The antioxidant properties of melatonin prevent acute liver injury induced by ischemia–reperfusion [25], irradiation [26], bile duct ligation [27–29], and toxins [30, 31, 37]. In addition, melatonin prevents experimental acute pancreatitis [38], nephrotoxicity [30] and acute intra‐abdominal compartment syndrome [39]. In the present investigation, the cytoprotective effect of melatonin was related to the prevention of lipoperoxide generation and the recovery of the antioxidant status in TAA‐treated rats (Table 2, Fig.…”

Melasma: systematic review of the systemic treatments

“…Melatonin, a hormone synthesized and secreted by the pineal gland, is a powerful antioxidant and free radical scavenger . In melatonin creams, a clear dose‐response relationship has been observed between topical use and the degree of UV‐induced damage .…”

Comparison of Melatonin, Hypertonic Saline, and Hydroxyethyl Starch for Resuscitation of Secondary Intra-Abdominal Hypertension in an Animal Model

“…IAP was artificially elevated by insufflation of gas [31, 32], instillation of fluids [33], and insertion of balloons or solid materials [34, 35]. However, none of these models could reproduce the pathophysiological processes triggered by capillary leak and fluid accumulation.…”