Melatonin alleviates low-sulfur stress by promoting sulfur homeostasis in tomato plants

Hasan, Kamrul; Liu, Chen‐Xu; Pan, Yan-Ting; Ahammed, Golam Jalal; Qi, Zhenyu; Zhou, Jie

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-28561-0

Cited by 51 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 44 publications

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“…As previously reported for other tomato cultivars [58][59][60][61][62][63], we found that the growth of Solanum lycopersicum cv. Moneymaker seedlings was severely impacted by sulfate starvation.…”

Section: Sulfate Starvation Has a Major Impact On Leaf And Root Growtsupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Tomato produces fleshy fruits important for the human diet as a source of vitamins and carotenes such as beta-carotene and lycopene [57]. Sulfate deficiency severely reduces the growth of tomato plants [58][59][60][61][62], diminishing biomass, protein concentration, total S in shoots and roots [61,62], chlorophyll contents [59][60][61], as well as yield [63]. Given the economic importance of tomato worldwide, understanding how tomato responds to sulfate starvation at the molecular level and identifying key regulatory components is of paramount importance for sustainable tomato production in the present and future agricultural scenarios.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transcriptomic analysis at organ and time scale reveals gene regulatory networks controlling the sulfate starvation response of Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2020

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Background: Sulfur is a major component of biological molecules and thus an essential element for plants. Deficiency of sulfate, the main source of sulfur in soils, negatively influences plant growth and crop yield. The effect of sulfate deficiency on plants has been well characterized at the physiological, transcriptomic and metabolomic levels in Arabidopsis thaliana and a limited number of crop plants. However, we still lack a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks underlying sulfate deficiency in most plants. In this work we analyzed the impact of sulfate starvation on the transcriptome of tomato plants to identify regulatory networks and key transcriptional regulators at a temporal and organ scale. Results: Sulfate starvation reduces the growth of roots and leaves which is accompanied by major changes in the organ transcriptome, with the response being temporally earlier in roots than leaves. Comparative analysis showed that a major part of the Arabidopsis and tomato transcriptomic response to sulfate starvation is conserved between these plants and allowed for the identification of processes specifically regulated in tomato at the transcript level, including the control of internal phosphate levels. Integrative gene network analysis uncovered key transcription factors controlling the temporal expression of genes involved in sulfate assimilation, as well as cell cycle, cell division and photosynthesis during sulfate starvation in tomato roots and leaves. Interestingly, one of these transcription factors presents a high identity with SULFUR LIMITATION1, a central component of the sulfate starvation response in Arabidopsis. Conclusions: Together, our results provide the first comprehensive catalog of sulfate-responsive genes in tomato, as well as novel regulatory targets for future functional analyses in tomato and other crops.

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Section: Sulfate Starvation Has a Major Impact On Leaf And Root Growtsupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcriptomic analysis at organ and time scale reveals gene regulatory networks controlling the sulfate starvation response of Solanum lycopersicum

et al. 2020

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“…This may be due to the role of M in plants under abiotic stress, as it acts as an antioxidant and upregulates the expression of antioxidant coding genes/enzymes, thereby reduced formation of ROS [30]. M reacts with ROS, resulting in the formation of M-derivatives that makes M even more capable in the detoxification of ROS, even at low levels [64,65,66] because M can easily cross cellular boundaries and protect the biological system by regulating the metabolic flow of thiol-compounds, such as reduced GSH (Figure 8A) [67]. Furthermore, the obtained results of the present study show that the application of M improved contents of Pro and TSC, and the activity of antioxidant enzymes and non-antioxidant (Figure 7A,C, Figure 9A,B and Figure 10A–D); these factors together resulted in reduced oxidative damage by scavenging ROS.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exogenous Melatonin Counteracts NaCl-Induced Damage by Regulating the Antioxidant System, Proline and Carbohydrates Metabolism in Tomato Seedlings

Siddiqui

Alamri

Al-Khaishany

et al. 2019

IJMS

163

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Melatonin, a natural agent, has multiple functions in animals as well as in plants. However, its possible roles in plants under abiotic stress are not clear. Nowadays, soil salinity is a major threat to global agriculture because a high soil salt content causes multiple stresses (hyperosmotic, ionic, and oxidative). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to explore: (1) the involvement of melatonin in biosynthesis of photosynthetic pigments and in regulation of photosynthetic enzymes, such as carbonic anhydrase (CA) and ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco); (2) the role of melatonin in osmoregulation by proline and carbohydrate metabolism; and (3) the function of melatonin in the antioxidant defense system under salinity. Outcomes of the study reveal that under non-saline conditions, application of melatonin (20 and 50 µM) improved plant growth, viz. shoot length, root length, shoot fresh weight (FW), root FW, shoot dry weight (DW), root DW and leaf area and physio-biochemical parameters [chlorophyll (Chl) a and b, proline (Pro) and total soluble carbohydrates (TSC) content, and increased the activity of CA and Rubisco]. However, tomato seedlings treated with NaCl exhibited enhanced Chl degradation, electrolyte leakage (EL), malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS; superoxide and hydrogen peroxide). ROS were detected in leaf and root. Interestingly, application of melatonin improved plant growth and reduced EL, MDA and ROS levels through upregulation of photosynthesis enzymes (CA, Rubisco), antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase and ascorbate reductase) and levels of non-enzymatic antioxidants [ascorbate (ASC) and reduced glutathione (GSH)], as well as by affecting the ASC—GSH cycle. Additionally, exogenous melatonin also improved osmoregulation by increasing the content of TSC, Pro and Δ1-pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase activity. These results suggest that melatonin has beneficial effects on tomato seedlings growth under both stress and non-stress conditions. Melatonin’s role in tolerance to salt stress may be associated with the regulation of enzymes involved in photosynthesis, the antioxidant system, metabolism of proline and carbohydrate, and the ASC—GSH cycle. Also, melatonin could be responsible for maintaining the high ratios of GSH/GSSG and ASC/DHA.

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“…Table 2), which was consistent with the maintenance of photosynthetic capacity following S supplementation under drought stress as reported by Ma et al 77 in wheat. Adequate S supply helps to counteract the drastic effects of ROS on nucleic acids and proteins through upregulation of antioxidant enzymes such as CAT, GPX and SOD 78 . These antioxidative enzymes serve as scavengers of O 2 and H 2 O 2 and help to prevent the production of toxic HO̅ ̅ ̅ ̅ ̅…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sulfate-mediated Drought Tolerance in Maize Involves Regulation at Physiological and Biochemical Levels

Usmani

Nawaz

Majeed³

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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Restriction in nutrient acquisition is one of the primary causes for reduced growth and yield in water deficient soils. Sulfur (S) is an important secondary macronutrient that interacts with several stress metabolites to improve performance of food crops under various environmental stresses including drought. Increased S supply influences uptake and distribution of essential nutrients to confer nutritional homeostasis in plants exposed to limited water conditions. The regulation of S metabolism in plants, resulting in synthesis of numerous S-containing compounds, is crucial to the acclimation response to drought stress. Two different experiments were laid out in semi-controlled conditions to investigate the effects of different S sources on physiological and biochemical mechanisms of maize (Zea mays L. cv. P1574). Initially, the rate of S application in maize was optimized in terms of improved biomass and nutrient uptake. The maize seedlings were grown in sandy loam soil fertigated with various doses (0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha −1) of different S fertilizers viz. K 2 So 4 , feSo 4 , cuSo 4 and na 2 So 4. The optimized S dose of each fertilizer was later tested in second experiment to determine its role in improving drought tolerance of maize plants. A marked effect of S fertilization was observed on biomass accumulation and nutrients uptake in maize. In addition, the optimized doses significantly increased the gas exchange characteristics and activity of antioxidant enzymes to improve yield of maize. Among various S sources, application of K 2 So 4 resulted in maximum photosynthetic rate (43%), stomatal conductance (98%), transpiration rate (61%) and sub-stomatal conductance (127%) compared to no S supply. Moreover, it also increased catalase, guaiacol peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities by 55, 87 and 65%, respectively that ultimately improved maize yield by 33% with respect to control under water deficit conditions. These results highlight the importance of S fertilizers that would likely be helpful for farmers to get better yield in water deficient soils. Maize (Zea mays L.) is one of the major cereal crops that provide food for humans and feed for livestock. The demand for maize seed has increased significantly during past few decades due to its consumption in poultry feed and wet milling industry. The importance of maize as a food crop is well recognized and is used as a staple food in many parts of the world 1. Maize seed is an abundant source of energy as 100 g seed provides 365 kilocalories of energy 2. However, it is an extensive nutrient crop and excessive use of fertilizers to obtain high yield has resulted in the depletion of nutrients particularly sulfur (S) in soils 3. Moreover, water shortage due to climate change may induce further losses in maize production in future. Adaptation of maize to limited water conditions has received great interest from farmers, researchers and policy makers considering its importance in nutritional food security. Since maize requires large quantities of water to...

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Melatonin alleviates low-sulfur stress by promoting sulfur homeostasis in tomato plants

Cited by 51 publications

References 44 publications

Transcriptomic analysis at organ and time scale reveals gene regulatory networks controlling the sulfate starvation response of Solanum lycopersicum

Transcriptomic analysis at organ and time scale reveals gene regulatory networks controlling the sulfate starvation response of Solanum lycopersicum

Exogenous Melatonin Counteracts NaCl-Induced Damage by Regulating the Antioxidant System, Proline and Carbohydrates Metabolism in Tomato Seedlings

Sulfate-mediated Drought Tolerance in Maize Involves Regulation at Physiological and Biochemical Levels

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