Melatonin Administration Prevents Placental and Fetal Changes Induced by Gestational Diabetes

Melo, Ismaela Maria Ferreira de; Ferreira, Cintia Giselle Martins; Alves, Érique Ricardo; D'assunção, Carolline Guimarães; Neto, Clóvis José Cavalcanti Lapa; Albuquerque, Yuri Mateus Lima de; Teixeira, Valéria Wanderley; Teixeira, Álvaro Aguiar Coelho

doi:10.1007/s43032-022-00850-0

Cited by 1 publication

(3 citation statements)

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“…79,80 Indeed, melatonin and serotonin were suggested to have a role in the pathogenesis of depression during pregnancy, GDM, PE, and FGR as well. [19][20][21][22][23][24]…”

Section: Placental Kynurenine Pathway Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This was demonstrated in animal studies in which tryptophan supplementation improved fetal growth and neonatal outcome, while excessive tryptophan intake led to a decreased placental and fetal weight and increased fetal mortality. [14][15][16][17][18] Although the tryptophan metabolizing pathways toward melatonin and serotonin production have been implicated to play a role in pregnancy complications, [19][20][21][22][23][24] little is yet known about how alterations in tryptophan metabolism into KP metabolites relate to pregnancy complications. Variations in KP metabolite concentrations as potential cause or consequence of pregnancy complications, may serve as novel biomarkers and/or (preventive) therapeutic targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the tryptophan metabolizing pathways toward melatonin and serotonin production have been implicated to play a role in pregnancy complications, 19-24 little is yet known about how alterations in tryptophan metabolism into KP metabolites relate to pregnancy complications. Variations in KP metabolite concentrations as potential cause or consequence of pregnancy complications, may serve as novel biomarkers and/or (preventive) therapeutic targets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Role of the Kynurenine Pathway in the (Patho) physiology of Maternal Pregnancy and Fetal Outcomes: A Systematic Review

Zundert

Broekhuizen

Smit

et al. 2022

Int J�Tryptophan�Res

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Introduction: Tryptophan is the precursor of kynurenine pathway (KP) metabolites which regulate immune tolerance, energy metabolism, and vascular tone. Since these processes are important during pregnancy, changes in KP metabolite concentrations may play a role in the pathophysiology of pregnancy complications. We hypothesize that KP metabolites can serve as novel biomarkers and preventive therapeutic targets. This review aimed to provide more insight into associations between KP metabolite concentrations in maternal and fetal blood, and in the placenta, and adverse maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes. Methods: A systematic search was performed on 18 February 2022 comprising all KP metabolites, and keywords related to maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes. English-written human studies measuring KP metabolite(s) in maternal or fetal blood or in the placenta in relation to pregnancy complications, were included. Methodological quality was assessed using the ErasmusAGE quality score (QS) (range: 0-10). A meta-analysis of the mean maternal tryptophan and kynurenine concentrations in uncomplicated pregnancies was conducted. Results: Of the 6262 unique records, 37 were included (median QS = 5). Tryptophan was investigated in most studies, followed by kynurenine, predominantly in maternal blood (n = 28/37), and in the second and third trimester of pregnancy (n = 29/37). Compared to uncomplicated pregnancies, decreased tryptophan in maternal blood was associated with an increased prevalence of depression, gestational diabetes mellitus, fetal growth restriction, spontaneous abortion, and preterm birth. Elevated tryptophan was only observed in women with pregnancy-induced hypertension compared to normotensive pregnant women. In women with preeclampsia, only kynurenic acid was altered; elevated in the first trimester of pregnancy, and positively associated with proteinuria in the third trimester of pregnancy. Conclusions: KP metabolite concentrations were altered in a variety of maternal pregnancy and fetal complications. This review implies that physiological pregnancy requires a tight balance of KP metabolites, and that disturbances in either direction are associated with adverse maternal pregnancy and fetal outcomes.

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“…79,80 Indeed, melatonin and serotonin were suggested to have a role in the pathogenesis of depression during pregnancy, GDM, PE, and FGR as well. [19][20][21][22][23][24]…”

Section: Placental Kynurenine Pathway Metabolitesmentioning

confidence: 99%