Melatonin: a “Higgs boson” in human reproduction

Dikić, Svetlana Dragojević; Stevanovic, Aleksandar; Dikić, Srdjan; Jovanović, Tatjana; Jurisic, A.; Dobrosavljevic, A.

doi:10.3109/09513590.2014.978851

Cited by 34 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…Because of its highly divergent manifested actions, since its discovery almost six decades ago, melatonin has been designated as a regulator of regulators, a refiner of physiology, a tranquilizing agent, a multitasking molecule nature's most versatile signal, etc. Recently, it was even classified as a biological Higgs boson, a phrase that may actually best characterize this ingenious agent. It is the authors’ current opinion that melatonin's basic function has yet to be uncovered or to put it in less formal terms, we are “seeing the smoke but not the fire.”…”

Section: Epilogue and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers

Reíter

Mayo

Tan

et al. 2016

Journal of Pineal Research

1,261

1,040

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Melatonin is uncommonly effective in reducing oxidative stress under a remarkably large number of circumstances. It achieves this action via a variety of means: direct detoxification of reactive oxygen and reactive nitrogen species and indirectly by stimulating antioxidant enzymes while suppressing the activity of pro-oxidant enzymes. In addition to these well-described actions, melatonin also reportedly chelates transition metals, which are involved in the Fenton/Haber-Weiss reactions; in doing so, melatonin reduces the formation of the devastatingly toxic hydroxyl radical resulting in the reduction of oxidative stress. Melatonin's ubiquitous but unequal intracellular distribution, including its high concentrations in mitochondria, likely aid in its capacity to resist oxidative stress and cellular apoptosis. There is credible evidence to suggest that melatonin should be classified as a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant. Melatonin's capacity to prevent oxidative damage and the associated physiological debilitation is well documented in numerous experimental ischemia/ reperfusion (hypoxia/reoxygenation) studies especially in the brain (stroke) and in the heart (heart attack). Melatonin, via its antiradical mechanisms, also reduces the toxicity of noxious prescription drugs and of methamphetamine, a drug of abuse.Experimental findings also indicate that melatonin renders treatment-resistant cancers sensitive to various therapeutic agents and may be useful, due to its multiple antioxidant actions, in especially delaying and perhaps treating a variety of agerelated diseases and dehumanizing conditions. Melatonin has been effectively used to combat oxidative stress, inflammation and cellular apoptosis and to restore tissue function in a number of human trials; its efficacy supports its more extensive use in a wider variety of human studies. The uncommonly high-safety profile of melatonin also bolsters this conclusion. It is the current feeling of the authors that, in view of the widely diverse beneficial functions that have been reported for melatonin, these may be merely epiphenomena of the more fundamental, yet-to-be identified basic action(s) of this ancient molecule. K E Y W O R D Sdiseases of aging, drug toxicity, free radicals, ischemia/reperfusion, mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, organ transplantation, statins

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Section: Epilogue and Perspectivementioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers

Reíter

Mayo

Tan

et al. 2016

Journal of Pineal Research

1,261

1,040

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“…Indeed, in addition to vertebrates, melatonin is produced by almost all life forms including bacteria, fungi, and plants . Based on its wide distribution in cells of mammals, it is not surprising that melatonin affects a variety of molecular pathways including those for sleep, circadian rhythms, sexual behavior, immune function, apoptosis, proliferation, metastasis, and angiogenesis oxidative stress . Mechanistically, the physiological effects of melatonin have been explained as actions mediated via its membrane and nuclear receptors, as well as by receptor‐independent pathways .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Melatonin signaling in T cells: Functions and applications

Ren

Liu

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal of Pineal Research

181

134

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Melatonin affects a variety of physiological processes including circadian rhythms, cellular redox status, and immune function. Importantly, melatonin significantly influences T-cell-mediated immune responses, which are crucial to protect mammals against cancers and infections, but are associated with pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases. This review focuses on our current understanding of the significance of melatonin in T-cell biology and the beneficial effects of melatonin in T-cell response-based diseases. In addition to expressing both membrane and nuclear receptors for melatonin, T cells have the four enzymes required for the synthesis of melatonin and produce high levels of melatonin. Meanwhile, melatonin is highly effective in modulating T-cell activation and differentiation, especially for Th17 and Treg cells, and also memory T cells. Mechanistically, the influence of melatonin in T-cell biology is associated with membrane and nuclear receptors as well as receptorindependent pathways, for example, via calcineurin. Several cell signaling pathways, including ERK1/2-C/EBPα, are involved in the regulatory roles of melatonin in Tcell biology. Through modulation in T-cell responses, melatonin exerts beneficial effects in various inflammatory diseases, such as type 1 diabetes, systemic lupus erythematosus, and multiple sclerosis. These findings highlight the importance of melatonin signaling in T-cell fate determination, and T cell-based immune pathologies. K E Y W O R D Smelatonin, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, T cells, Th17 cells, Treg cells

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“…The levels of MT synthesis and secretion are high at night, while relatively low levels would be observed during the day, with roughly sinusoidal rhythm. The MT secretion presents a circadian rhythm of low during day and high at night, which is the basis for the physiological function of basis circadian rhythm [ 13 ].…”

Section: Mt Synthesis and Distributionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Research progress of melatonin (MT) in improving ovarian function: a review of the current status

Guo

Sun

Wang

et al. 2021

Aging

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Melatonin (MT) is an endogenous hormone mainly synthesized by pineal cells, which has strong endogenous effects of eliminating free radicals and resisting oxidative damages. Melatonin (MT) can not only regulate the body’s seasonal and circadian rhythms; but also delay ovarian senescence, regulate ovarian biological rhythm, promote follicles formation, and improve oocyte quality and fertilization rate. This review aimd to provide evidence concerning the synthesis and distribution, ovarian function, and role of MT in development of follicles and oocytes. Moreover, the role of MT as antioxidative, participating in biological rhythm regulation, was also reviewed. Furthermore, the effects of MT on various ovarian related diseases were analyzed, particularly for the ovarian aging and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

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Melatonin: a “Higgs boson” in human reproduction

Cited by 34 publications

References 114 publications

Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers

Melatonin as an antioxidant: under promises but over delivers

Melatonin signaling in T cells: Functions and applications

Research progress of melatonin (MT) in improving ovarian function: a review of the current status

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