Melatonin

Carter, Michael D.; Juurlink, David N.

doi:10.1503/cmaj.111765

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 2 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous research to elucidate the potential mechanisms that produce jet lag has focused on the measurement of behavior (Sack, 2010 ) and body chemistry (Carter and Juurlink, 2012 ). To our knowledge, there have been only two studies on the effects of jet lag on brain function; one found a reduction in functional connection (FC) in the default mode network (Coutinho et al ., 2015 ), the other found decreased FC between the thalamus and cortex (Zhang et al ., 2020 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of jet lag on brain white matter functional connectivity

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background A long-haul flight across more than five time zones may produce a circadian rhythm sleep disorder known as jet lag. Little is known about the effect of jet lag on white matter (WM) functional connectivity (FC). Objective The present study is to investigate changes in WM FC in subjects due to recovery from jet lag after flying across six time zones. Methods Here, resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 23 participants within 24 hours of flying and again 50 days later. Gray matter (GM) and WM networks were identified by k-means clustering. WM FC and functional covariance connectivity (FCC) were analyzed. Next, a sliding window method was used to establish dynamic WM FC. WM static and dynamic FC and FCC were compared between when participants had initially completed their journey and 50 days later. Emotion was assessed using the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule and the State Anxiety Inventory. Results All participants were confirmed to have jet lag symptoms by the Columbian Jet Lag Scale. The static FC strengthes of cingulate network (WM7)- sensorimotor network and ventral frontal network- visual network were lower after the long-haul flight compared with recovery. Corresponding results were obtained for the dynamic FC analysis. The analysis of FCC revealed weakened connections between the WM7 and several other brain networks, especially the precentral/postcentral network. Moreover, a negative correlation was found between emotion scores and the FC between the WM7 and sensorimotor related regions. Conclusions The results of this study provide further evidence for the existence of WM networks and show that jet lag is associated with alterations in static and dynamic WM FC and FCC, especially in sensorimotor networks. Jet lag is a complex problem that not only is related to sleep rhythm but also influences emotion.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of jet lag on brain white matter functional connectivity

et al. 2021

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The sleep-wake cycle is driven by two factors: circadian rhythm and homeostatic sleep pressure [ 38 , 39 ]. Homeostatic sleep pressure is best described as the feeling of sleepiness, such that the longer one goes without sleep, the more tired one becomes.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythm Homeostatic Sleep Pressure and Melatonimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The main regulatory hormone of the circadian rhythm is melatonin [ 39 ]. Melatonin is part of the tryptophan metabolic pathway [ 42 ] and it is synthesized and secreted by both central nervous system (CNS) tissues and organs throughout the body [ 46 ].…”

Section: Circadian Rhythm Homeostatic Sleep Pressure and Melatonimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In all melatonin-synthesizing organisms, light acts as a zeitgeber (environmental cue) for melatonin secretion, with peak melatonin levels arising in the middle of the night’s sleep at approximately 100 times the daytime melatonin level [ 39 ]. In daylight, GABAergic SCN projections synapse to paraventricular (PVN) neurons, inhibiting further excitation of the pathway.…”

Section: Circadian Rhythm Homeostatic Sleep Pressure and Melatonimentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The Role of the Mammalian Prion Protein in the Control of Sleep

Roguski

Gill

2017

Pathogens

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sleep disruption is a prevalent clinical feature in many neurodegenerative disorders, including human prion diseases where it can be the defining dysfunction, as in the case of the “eponymous” fatal familial insomnia, or an early-stage symptom as in certain types of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease. It is important to establish the role of the cellular prion protein (PrPC), the key molecule involved in prion pathogenesis, within the sleep-wake system in order to understand fully the mechanisms underlying its contribution to both healthy circadian rhythmicity and sleep dysfunction during disease. Although severe disruption to the circadian rhythm and melatonin release is evident during the pathogenic phases of some prion diseases, untangling whether PrPC plays a role in circadian rhythmicity, as suggested in mice deficient for PrPC expression, is challenging given the lack of basic experimental research. We provide a short review of the small amount of direct literature focused on the role of PrPC in melatonin and circadian rhythm regulation, as well as suggesting mechanisms by which PrPC might exert influence upon noradrenergic and dopaminergic signaling and melatonin synthesis. Future research in this area should focus upon isolating the points of dysfunction within the retino-pineal pathway and further investigate PrPC mediation of pinealocyte GPCR activity.

show abstract

“…Changes in circadian neuroendocrine systems that become out of synchrony with environmental day/night cycles are believed to be a central cause of jet lag and include melatonin, cortisol, and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH; Morgenthaler et al, ; Zisapel, ). The production cycle of melatonin keeps pace with the sleep–wake cycle, rising during the evening before sleep (Herxheimer & Petrie, ) and peaking at approximately 2:00 a.m. (Carter & Juurlink, ). Under the guidelines of the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, melatonin has been recommended to reduce jet lag symptoms (Morgenthaler et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effect of jet lag on the human brain: A neuroimaging study

Zhang

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Jet lag is commonly experienced when travelers cross multiple time zones, leaving the wake–sleep cycle and intrinsic biological “clocks” out of synchrony with the current environment. The effect of jet lag on intrinsic cortical function remains unclear. Twenty‐two healthy individuals experiencing west‐to‐east jet lag flight were recruited. Brain structural and functional magnetic resonance studies, as well as psychological and neurohormonal tests, were carried out when participants returned from travel over six time zones and 50 days later when their jet lag symptoms had resolved. During jet lag, the functional brain network exhibited a small‐world topology that was shifted toward regularity. Alterations during jet lag relative to recovery included decreased basal ganglia‐thalamocortical network connections and increased functional connectivity between the medial temporal lobe subsystem and medial visual cortex. The lower melatonin and higher thyroid hormone levels during jet lag showed the same trend as brain activity in the right lingual gyrus. Although there was no significant difference between cortisol measurements during and after jet lag, cortisol levels were associated with temporal lobe activity in the jet lag condition. Brain and neuroendocrine changes during jet lag were related to jet lag symptoms. Further prospective studies are needed to explore the time course over which jet lag acts on the human brain.

show abstract

Melatonin

Cited by 5 publications

References 2 publications

Effect of jet lag on brain white matter functional connectivity

Effect of jet lag on brain white matter functional connectivity

The Role of the Mammalian Prion Protein in the Control of Sleep

The effect of jet lag on the human brain: A neuroimaging study

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About