Melasma in Orientals

Sivayathorn, Apichati

doi:10.2165/00044011-199500102-00006

Cited by 73 publications

(65 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…4,9 It affects both genders; women more than men, in their middle age with a mean age of 33.5 years in an Indian study. 8 The centrofacial pattern in 55% -75%, the malar pattern in 24% -43%, and the mandibular pattern in 1.5% -2% patients are three distinct clinical patterns.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…10,11 Its exact etiology is poorly understood but often imputed to genetic predisposition, pregnancy and oral contraceptives, endocrinopathies, or drugs (hormones, anticonvulsants, phenothiazines, phototoxic agents) ingestion. 3,4 Pigmented cosmetic contact dermatitis is another recognized etiologic factor. 2 However, sun exposure remains the most important exacerbating factor for 55%-100% patients.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…2 Systemic or topical medicaments, indigenous and over-the-counter (OTC) preparations, may have photosensitizing potential and induce facial pigmentation in some of these individuals. 3,4 The rapid urbanization leading to increased usage of computers and televisions combined with altered sleeping habits may have caused increased prevalence of periorbital hypermelanosis. Sedentary life style causing near epidemic of obesity has led to an increased prevalence of acanthosis nigricans manifesting as facial hypermelanosis sometimes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical profile of 300 men with facial hypermelanosis

Gupta¹,

Mahajan²

2017

J Dermatol Case Rep

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Background: Facial hypermelanosis is a significant cause of cosmetic disfigurement, social embarrassment and psychological morbidity affecting quality of life.Objective: To study clinicoepidemlogic patterns of facial hypermelanoses among men. Material and Methods:Medical records of all adult males presenting with facial hypermelanoses were analyzed for this retrospective cross sectional study for demographic details, duration, cosmetic usage, sun exposure, drug intake, infections, systemic or cutaneous diseases, and family history of hypermelanotic dermatosis. Laboratory investigations and skin biopsy were performed when deemed necessary.Results: These were 300 Indian men aged 18 to 74 (mean 37.35) years with 121 (40.3%) individuals aged 31-50 years. Various patterns of melasma in 230 (76.7%) patients were the major cause of facial hypermelanosis. Periorbital hypermelanosis was observed in 32 (10.7%), freckles and lentigens in 26 (8.7%), acanthosis nigricans in 12 (4%) and lichen planus pigmentosus in 10 (3.3%), pigmented cosmetic contact dermatitis in 7, and nevus of Ota in 6 persons. The 71 (30.8%) patients with melasma had a history of frequent sun exposure, 9 (3.9%) patients had systemic comorbidities. Family history of periorbital melanosis was present in 7 (21.8%), personal or family history of atopy in 5 (15.6%) patients. Acanthosis nigricans was associated with obesity in 9 (75%) of patients and with diabetes mellitus in 4 (33.3%) cases.Conclusions: Melasma, periorbital hypermelanosis, acanthosis nigricans and lichen planus pigmentosus remain the predominant causes for facial hypermelanosis in men.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Clinical profile of 300 men with facial hypermelanosis

Gupta¹,

Mahajan²

2017

J Dermatol Case Rep

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“…Unfortunately there is a lack of reliable reports about the prevalence of melasma, as most studies are conducted in dermatology clinics which may indicate some ascertainment bias [39]. A randomized study in a Hispanic female population in Texas reported a prevalence of 8,8% [40] while in Southwest Asia the prevalence has been reported as high as 40% in females and 20% in males [41]. It is important to highlight that all phototypes do not have an equal risk of developing melasma: a multicenter survey of females from nine countries revealed that Fitzpatrick skin phototypes III and IV were more commonly affected than lighter ones [42].…”

Section: Melasmamentioning

confidence: 99%

Melanocytes and Oxidative Stress

Diehl¹

2014

Pigmentary Disorders

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“…The disease is often seen in women, however men are also likely to get it, too (1). Melasma usually appears among Asian women, who form almost one-third of all the women worldwide, and is more prevalent in Asian compared to Mediterranean women (2). In a study conducted by Moein et al the prevalence of Melasma among Iranian women was reported as 15.8% (3).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutritional Advice for Patients with Melasma in Iranian Traditional Medicine

et al. 2016

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Background: Melasma (called Kalaf in Iranian traditional medicine) is a common acquired hypermelanosis that affects sun-exposed areas of skin. Several factors including exposure to sunlight, pregnancy, and endocrine diseases increase the risk for Melasma. In traditional medicine, antecedent philosophers and physicians have tried to understand the nature and mechanisms of different systems of the human body for the diagnosis and management of Melasma; they have offered different solutions for it. This study is important since Melasma is a disease causing mental side effects in patients, due to darkness and opacity of the skin; therefore, the treatment of Melasma in terms of its psychological complications is of particular importance. In addition, texts of Iranian traditional medicine contain a wealth of nutritional advice for patients with Melasma. These texts have, until now, not yet been reviewed. The present study has considered the most important references of Iranian traditional medicine texts. Objectives: The objective of this study was to extract and categorize the nutritional advice of Iranian traditional medicine texts for the treatment of Melasma. Results: Dietary recommendations, not only for treatment but also for prevention of diseases and staying healthy, are very efficient. Conclusions: Based on the traditional medicine texts, it is helpful to avoid Soda-producing food as well as to identify appropriate food in order to eliminate the accumulation of Soda or black bile from the blood. This study offers a set of analytical and clinical research on food, which in traditional medicine is called Soda-producing as well as Soda reducing.

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Melasma in Orientals

Cited by 73 publications

References 16 publications

Clinical profile of 300 men with facial hypermelanosis

Clinical profile of 300 men with facial hypermelanosis

Melanocytes and Oxidative Stress

Nutritional Advice for Patients with Melasma in Iranian Traditional Medicine

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