Melanotic: Key to a Phenotypic Enigma in the Fowl

Jw, Moore; Smyth,

doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a108153

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

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“…The melanotic wheaten or brown females and the black-breasted males which were obtained in the F 2 are similar to those phenotypes reported previously by Moore and Smyth (1971) for the interaction between the Ml and gwii or e b a Ueles, indicating that the MLP male is carrying a melanotic gene similar to Ml. The melanotic gene is presumed to be recessive in the presence of the Columbian genotype because if it had been dominant, the F 2 ratio would have been the reverse of the observed 1 melanotic: 3 normal.…”

Section: Mating Ofmlp Sxprat 22supporting

confidence: 88%

“…The presence of the melanotic gene, Ml, in the breed had been indicated by the presence of black males and black females with salmon breasts, which had been wild-type as chicks, among the F 2 progeny from a previously unreported mating of Light Brown Leghorn X Castellana. Similar phenotypes for the interaction between the Ml and wild-type alleles have been reported by Moore and Smyth (1971). They suggested that the melanotic gene may have been incorporated by poultry fanciers into breeds such as the Black Minorca and White-crested Black Polish, to ensure completely black plumage.…”

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 58%

“…Some of the black-breasted males showed a. dark wild-type pattern, the feathers of the hackle, saddle and wing bows being darker than in the normal wild-type phenotype. Five males were almost completely black with some red feathers in the wing bow regions and they had, as chicks, shown a brown-type down as found in the melanotic phenotype (Moore and Smyth, 1971). The 88 adult males closely approximated a ratio of 3 normal: 1 melanotic (P>0.3).…”

Section: Mating Of Mlp6x Brown 22mentioning

confidence: 85%

“…The symbol Ml, proposed by Moore and Smyth (1971), has been used, even though in this study the heterozygote Ml/ml + did not change the normal phenotype. Moore and Smyth (1971) suggested that the phenotypic expression of Ml is recessive to the ml + allele in the e Wh /-co + /co + genotype.…”

Section: Mating Ofmlp Sxprat 22mentioning

confidence: 89%

“…The normal Columbian females showed diverse degrees of stippling on the back feathers, this pattern being very widespread in some individuals. The 18 wheaten females were classified as melanotic if they had a dark brown back and hackle (Moore and Smyth, 1971). Three females were all black.…”

Section: Mating Of Mlp6x Brown 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic basis of the Melanotic Prat phenotype

Campo

Orozco

1986

British Poultry Science

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1. The genetics of plumage colour of a melanotic columbian-restricted male called 'Melanotic Prat' is described. It was found among the F 2 progeny of crosses between the Castellana and Prat breeds, and is very similar to the 'quail' phenotype. 2. Results of crosses involving this male indicate that its plumage colour pattern is the result of the Ml/Ml genotype adding black pigment to the Columbian plumage pattern produced by the e Wh and Co genes. 3. The melanotic gene (Ml) is recessive in the presence of the columbian-restricted genotype. It has no effect on the chick down colour although it could be a modifier to produce greyish or black back colourations when Co is present in the genotype. 4. It is suggested that the quail plumage colour is due to the same melanotic factor interacting with the primary pattern of a Columbianrestricted genotype.

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Section: Mating Ofmlp Sxprat 22supporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Methodssupporting

confidence: 58%

Section: Mating Of Mlp6x Brown 22mentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Mating Ofmlp Sxprat 22mentioning

confidence: 89%

Section: Mating Of Mlp6x Brown 22mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genetic basis of the Melanotic Prat phenotype

Campo

Orozco

1986

British Poultry Science

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Cis -acting mutation affecting GJA5 transcription is underlying the Melanotic within-feather pigmentation pattern in chickens

Lee

Chen

et al. 2021

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

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Melanotic (Ml) is a mutation in chickens that extends black (eumelanin) pigmentation in normally brown or red (pheomelanin) areas, thus affecting multiple within-feather patterns [J. W. Moore, J. R. Smyth Jr, J. Hered. 62, 215–219 (1971)]. In the present study, linkage mapping using a back-cross between Dark Cornish (Ml/Ml) and Partridge Plymouth Rock (ml+/ml+) chickens assigned Ml to an 820-kb region on chromosome 1. Identity-by-descent mapping, via whole-genome sequencing and diagnostic tests using a diverse set of chickens, refined the localization to the genomic region harboring GJA5 encoding gap-junction protein 5 (alias connexin 40) previously associated with pigmentation patterns in zebrafish. An insertion/deletion polymorphism located in the vicinity of the GJA5 promoter region was identified as the candidate causal mutation. Four different GJA5 transcripts were found to be expressed in feather follicles and at least two showed differential expression between genotypes. The results showed that Melanotic constitutes a cis-acting regulatory mutation affecting GJA5 expression. A recent study established the melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) locus and the interaction between the MC1R receptor and its antagonist agouti-signaling protein as the primary mechanism underlying variation in within-feather pigmentation patterns in chickens. The present study advances understanding the mechanisms underlying variation in plumage color in birds because it demonstrates that the activity of connexin 40/GJA5 can modulate the periodic pigmentation patterns within individual feathers.

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Research on Qualitative Genes of Poultry in the United States Part I

Shaklee

1974

World's Poultry Science Journal

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Melanotic: Key to a Phenotypic Enigma in the Fowl

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Genetic basis of the Melanotic Prat phenotype

Genetic basis of the Melanotic Prat phenotype

Cis -acting mutation affecting GJA5 transcription is underlying the Melanotic within-feather pigmentation pattern in chickens

Research on Qualitative Genes of Poultry in the United States Part I

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