Project Roles and ResponsibilitiesThis project addressed several difficult technical issues and challenges, including radioisotope production, safe handling and transportation, protein synthesis, protein labeling, radiolabeled protein safety characterization and safety analysis, and pre-clinical biodistribution in laboratory animals. The team assembled, as described below for this project, provided each of the scientific and technical work elements needed for project success: V.G. Khlopin Radium Institute, St. Petersburg, Russia conducted research in nuclear physical, radiochemical, geochemical, and ecological fields, associated with the problems of nuclear power engineering, radioecology, and isotope production and represents one of Russian and world-wide leaders in these directions. The Khlopin Radium Institute actively participates in federal programs and international projects related to nuclear physics, radiochemistry, radioecology, and radiogeochemistry. On this study, Khlopin prepared Pb-203 and performed peptide-labeling and purification studies. Khlopin also managed work involving the preparation and characterization imaging and biodistribution of Pb-203 and Pb-212-labeled peptides under the Project Partner Agreement.AlphaMed, Inc. develops supplies of alpha-emitter isotopes for medical applications such as new cancertreatment agents. AlphaMed performs work under contract with the Department of Energy and the National Cancer Institute. Much of this work is performed for AlphaMed at PNNL. On this project, AlphaMed provided scientific guidance and implementing background technology, oversaw all aspects of materials development and applications research, and directed the commercialization and business planning efforts.Pacific Northwest National Laboratory supports the mission objectives of the Department of Energy, which include methods for improving the supply of isotopes for applications in science, medicine, 2 industry, and national security using the capabilities of its professional staff and the infrastructure associated with the Radiochemical Processing Laboratory. On this project, PNNL provided the lead-212/bismuth-212 generators for use on this project in Russia, and also provided internal radiation dosimetry calculations.