Melanoma classification and management in the era of molecular medicine

Rashid, Sarem; Shaughnessy, Michael F.

doi:10.1016/j.det.2022.07.017

Cited by 19 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 95 publications

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“…Malignant melanoma (MM) constitutes the “great mime” of human pathology, with characteristic and different variants that make its recognition particularly difficult [ 1 ]. Furthermore, as incidence and prevalence rates increase, it becomes particularly important to identify all the parameters useful in staging the MM patient, as this is fundamental to planning the correct therapy [ 2 ]. It is essential that histological reports note elements including Breslow thickness [ 3 ] (Clark’s level, however, is no longer to be reported), the presence of tumour lymphocytic infiltrate (TILs) according to the College of American Pathologists’ (CAP) guidelines [ 4 ], ulceration [ 5 ], the number of mitoses/mmq of neoplasm [ 6 ], possible lymphovascular invasion [ 7 ] and neurotropism [ 8 ], presence of regression [ 9 ], and microscopic distance from the lateral margins of surgical resection [ 10 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is It Time to Supersede the Diagnostic Term “Melanoma In Situ with Regression?” A Narrative Review

2023

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Traditionally, the term melanoma in situ (MIS) is used to designate a horizontal (radial) growth phase of malignant melanoma (MM) in which there is no histological evidence of any invasion (or microinvasion) of neoplastic melanocytic cells into the superficial or papillary dermis. In daily dermatopathological practice, we are faced with misleading definitions, such as “melanoma in situ with regression,” which risk affecting homogeneity for comparison purposes of pathological reports of malignant melanoma. The authors conducted a literature review using PubMed and Web of Science (WoS) as the main databases and using the following keywords: “Malignant Melanoma in situ” or “Melanoma in situ” and “regression” and/or “radial growth phase regression.” A total of 213 articles from both analyzed databases were retrieved; finally, only eight articles in English were considered suitable for the chosen inclusion criteria. In consideration of the absence of studies with large case series, of reviews with meta-analyses, and, therefore, of a broad scientific consensus, expressions including “melanoma in situ with regression” should be avoided in the histopathological report. Instead, they should be replaced with clearer and more exhaustive definitions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Is It Time to Supersede the Diagnostic Term “Melanoma In Situ with Regression?” A Narrative Review

2023

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“…18 Despite significant advancements in melanoma pathology and pharmacology, there is still a critical need to improve clinical outcomes. 19 The unique immune evasion mechanisms observed in melanoma highlight the urgent requirement for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide treatment decisions and predict patient outcomes. 20 Numerous researchers are actively investigating the regulatory mechanisms of these biomarkers within the immune microenvironment of melanoma.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the United States, it ranks as the fifth most common cancer in males and the sixth most common cancer in females 18 . Despite significant advancements in melanoma pathology and pharmacology, there is still a critical need to improve clinical outcomes 19 . The unique immune evasion mechanisms observed in melanoma highlight the urgent requirement for reliable prognostic biomarkers to guide treatment decisions and predict patient outcomes 20 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization the prognosis role and effects of snoRNAs in melanoma patients

Wang,

Song,

Chen

et al. 2023

Experimental Dermatology

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Melanoma is a melanocyte‐derived malignant cancer and is known for its early metastasis and high mortality rates. It is a highly cutaneous tumour disease that could be related to the abnormal immune microenvironment, and the identification of reliable diagnostic and prognostic markers is crucial for improving patient outcomes. In the search for biomarkers, various types of RNAs have been discovered and recognized as reliable prognostic markers. Among these, small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs) have emerged as a promising avenue for studying early diagnosis and prognostic markers in tumours due to their widespread presence in tissues, tumour specificity and stability. In our study, we analysed snoRNAs data from melanoma samples in the TCGA‐SKCM cohort and developed a prognostic model comprising 12 snoRNAs (SNORD9, SNORA31, SNORD14E, SNORA14A, SNORA5A, SNORD83A, SNORA75, AL096855, AC007684, SNORD14A, SNORA65 and AC004839). This model exhibited unique prognostic accuracy and demonstrated a significant correlation with the immune infiltration tumour microenvironment. Additionally, analysis of the GSE213145 dataset, which explored the sensitivity and resistance of immune checkpoint inhibitors, further supported the potential of snoRNAs as prognostic markers for immunotherapy. Overall, our study contributes reliable prognostic and immune‐related biomarkers for melanoma patients. These findings can offer valuable insights for the future discovery of novel melanoma treatment strategies and hold promise for improving clinical outcomes in melanoma patients.

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“…Cutaneous Melanoma (CM) is the skin cancer with the highest rate of aggressiveness, and incidence, and steadily increasing prevalence rates have been shown in recent years [ 21 ]: for example, the estimated CM burden in the USA was 106,110 cases and 7180 deaths in 2021 [ 21 ]. Correct recognition of the disease along with accurate staging is vital for the proper management of the diagnostic–therapeutic and care pathway of the CM patient, and diagnostic delays are a major cause of reduced survival rates [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain 3 (TIM-3) in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Narrative Review

Cazzato

Cascardi

Colagrande

et al. 2023

Cancers

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T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain 3 (TIM-3) is an inhibitory immunocheckpoint that belongs to the TIM gene family. Monney et al. first discovered it about 20 years ago and linked it to some autoimmune diseases; subsequent studies have revealed that some tumours, including melanoma, have the capacity to produce inhibitory ligands that bind to these receptor checkpoints on tumour-specific immune cells. We conducted a literature search using PubMed, Web of Science (WoS), Scopus, Google Scholar, and Cochrane, searching for the following keywords: “T cell immunoglobulin and mucin-domain containing-3”, “TIM-3” and/or “Immunocheckpoint inhibitors” in combination with “malignant melanoma” or “human malignant melanoma” or “cutaneous melanoma”. The literature search initially turned up 117 documents, 23 of which were duplicates. After verifying eligibility and inclusion criteria, 17 publications were ultimately included. A growing body of scientific evidence considers TIM-3 a valid inhibitory immuno-checkpoint with a very interesting potential in the field of melanoma. However, other recent studies have discovered new roles for TIM-3 that seem almost to contradict previous findings in this regard. All this demonstrates how common and valid the concept of ‘pleiotropism’ is in the TME field, in that the same molecule can behave completely or partially differently depending on the cell type considered or on temporary conditions. Further studies, large case series, and a special focus on the immunophenotype of TIM-3 are absolutely necessary in order to explore this highly promising topic in the near future.

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Melanoma classification and management in the era of molecular medicine

Cited by 19 publications

References 95 publications

Is It Time to Supersede the Diagnostic Term “Melanoma In Situ with Regression?” A Narrative Review

Is It Time to Supersede the Diagnostic Term “Melanoma In Situ with Regression?” A Narrative Review

Characterization the prognosis role and effects of snoRNAs in melanoma patients

T Cell Immunoglobulin and Mucin Domain 3 (TIM-3) in Cutaneous Melanoma: A Narrative Review

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