Melanoma anorrectal. Revisión de conjunto

Reina, Angel Antonio Pozuelo; Errasti, José; Espín, Eloy

doi:10.1016/j.ciresp.2013.07.004

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 29 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…They are usually tumors (pigmented or not) 1.9-3.8 cm in diameter, with an ulcerated, flat or polypoid appearance. A pigmented and polypoid lesion can be easily confused with a thrombosed hemorrhoid [6]. In fact, in a large review by the Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), 8% of AM diagnoses were made after the anatomopathological study of hemorrhoidectomy specimens, which is why it is recommended, in a systematic way, to analyze all the resected pieces and send them to the pathologist identified topographically [7].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, and given that, unlike CM, most AMs present a thickness of 4 mm at the time of diagnosis, the clinical and prognostic value of this parameter is debatable, which is why the classification of the American Joint Committee on Cancer for CM is not applicable to AM, and there is currently no validated system for the staging of anorectal melanomas, although some authors simplify their classification into the 3 classic stages (I: localized; II: spread to lymph nodes and III: distant metastasis) [11]. According to some studies, in AM, and unlike what happens with CM, it will be the depth of the tumor invasion, and not the thickness of the lesion, that determines the probability of lymphatic or distant dissemination and therefore, a review systematics proposes a new system that expands these 3 stages to 4, considering stage I if the tumor does not infiltrate the muscularis propria and II if it does not infiltrate it [6].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Anorectal Melanoma: Not All Dark, Bleeding, and Painful Masses are Hemorrhoids

Elvis,

Mariangela,

Ingrid

et al. 2024

J Med Res Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anorectal Melanoma represents less than 1% of all gastrointestinal tumors. They are infrequent, aggressive and with little therapeutic consensus. The prognosis is usually reserved, with a five-year survival rate of less than 20%. The anorectal canal is the most common place where melanomas of the gastrointestinal mucosa appear. Thus, although it represents 0.05 to 4.6% of anorectal lesions, this constitutes the third most common location of melanoma, after the skin and eyes. Generally, their diagnosis is confusing and late, as they require a high index of suspicion; The symptoms are non-specific but they mostly present as dark, bleeding and painful masses, sometimes being confused with benign anorectal processes such as hemorrhoids. This occurred in two clinical cases that we presented in women aged 78 and 59 years with a purplish-black anorectal mass, the first case confused with hemorrhoidal thrombosis and the other with bleeding internal hemorrhoids; therefore, being treated as such in primary medical care centers and delaying their diagnosis by an average of 3 months (Figure A, B and E). Both cases with high clinical suspicion of a malignant process were later confirmed in a specialized unit, where they underwent biopsies and imaging studies. The patients underwent surgery, with subsequent chemo-immunotherapy. The first with abdomino-perineal resection (Figure C) plus inguinal lymphadenectomy (Figure E) and the other with local excision (Figure F). Both neo or adjuvant treatment and type of surgery remain controversial today.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anorectal Melanoma: Not All Dark, Bleeding, and Painful Masses are Hemorrhoids

Elvis,

Mariangela,

Ingrid

et al. 2024

J Med Res Surg

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Con respecto a la linfadenectomía inguinal, no se ha demostrado que mejore el pronóstico y, además, conlleva elevada morbilidad. Por ello, técnicas como la biopsia selectiva de ganglio centinela parecen prometedoras, aunque la experiencia sigue siendo limitada 18 . En el presente caso, esta técnica fue realizada de manera adecuada, lo que permitió la correcta estadificación ganglionar.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

“…Con respecto a los tratamientos adyuvantes en el melanoma, este tumor muestra más susceptibilidad al tratamiento inmunológico que los tumores de otra estirpe y, por ello, ha sido objeto de una gran variedad de ensayos basados en inmunoterapia, con algunos resultados esperanzadores. En el caso concreto del melanoma anal, su uso puede considerarse, según Reina, et al 18 , como experimental. Además, el melanoma anorrectal no mejora con la quimioterapia actual.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

See 1 more Smart Citation

Melanoma anal, importancia del diagnóstico diferencial con la enfermedad anal benigna

et al. 2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Anorectal melanoma was first described by Moore in 1857. Is an uncommon and aggresive tumor, with inauspicious prognosis. Five-year survival rates are less than 20%. The main important feature of this tumor is that it usually manifests as a rectal tumor or rectal bleeding; therefore, a diferential diagnosis with benign anal conditions is of utmost importance. Prognosis is conditioned by tumor stage at diagnosis. We present a 70-year-old woman with rectal bleeding with an initial diagnosis of hemorrhoidal trombosis. With the diagnosis of rectal melanoma without distant metastasis, an abdominoperineal resection (Miles operation) was performed. After 9-years follow-up, she is disease free.

show abstract

Managing Uncommon Rectal Tumors

Sneider

Maykel

2019

Comprehensive Rectal Cancer Care

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Melanoma anorrectal. Revisión de conjunto

Cited by 16 publications

References 29 publications

Anorectal Melanoma: Not All Dark, Bleeding, and Painful Masses are Hemorrhoids

Anorectal Melanoma: Not All Dark, Bleeding, and Painful Masses are Hemorrhoids

Melanoma anal, importancia del diagnóstico diferencial con la enfermedad anal benigna

Managing Uncommon Rectal Tumors

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About