Melanoma and satellite blue papule

Abstract

The colors that are seen in dermoscopy depend on the anatomic level of the skin at which the chromophores are seen. Blue color can be found in a variety of melanocytic and nonmelanocytic lesions.An 89-year-old man presented with a 3-year history of a slow-growing, hyperpigmented patch located on the distal third of the right arm. Dermoscopy showed an atypical network, irregularly distributed globules, pigmented internal streaks and a milky-red area. Based on these findings a diagnosis of slow-growing malignant melanoma was made. Simultaneously, a well-defined blue papule was seen on the proximal third of the same arm. Dermoscopy disclosed a homogeneous blue pattern. After clinical and dermoscopic correlation our differential diagnosis for this blue lesion included cutaneous melanoma metastasis, blue nevus and foreign body reaction. The patient recalled its onset 75 years ago after a grenade explosion. We also discuss the blue lesion appearance under reflectance confocal microscopy and high-definition optical coherence tomography. Histopathological examination after excision of the hyperpigmented patch and blue papule revealed a melanoma in situ and a foreign body reaction, respectively.The diagnostic evaluation of a blue lesion should always rely on the integration of all data, especially clinical and dermoscopic features. Other non-invasive techniques, like reflectance confocal microscopy and high-definition optical coherence tomography can also be important aids for its differential diagnosis.

Reliability of patient's anamnesis in the diagnosis of acral melanoma

“…Main differential diagnoses include both melanocytic and nonmelanocytic lesions: (a) blue nevus, (b) hemangioma, (c) palm-plantar warts, (d) fungal infections, (e) hematoma, (f) diabetic foot ulcer, (g) pyogenic granuloma; while in the worst cases (h) cutaneous melanoma metastasis or (i) angiosarcoma (Gao, Chen, & Ran, 2017;Oliveira et al, 2014).…”