Melanoma

Cohen, Philip; Lambert, W. Clark; Hill, George J.; Schwartz, Robert A.

doi:10.1007/978-1-4612-3790-7_10

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 215 publications

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“…While the above described results on the potential role of HpD as a radiosensitizer were encouraging, only few reports on the usage of the substance as a radiosensitizer can be found in the literature [15]. This may in large parts be due to the complex chemical nature of HpD as a highly heterogeneous porphyrin mixture.…”

Section: Photofrin II ® As a Radiosensitizer -In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

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The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

Schaffer¹,

Ertl‐Wagner²,

Schaffer³

et al. 2005

CMC

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Radiosensitizers represent an enticing concept in tumor therapy. As ionizing radiation affects both neoplastic and normal tissues, its effects are generally non-specific. The aim of applying a radiosensitizing agent is to achieve a maximum effect on tumor tissue, while minimizing the damage to normal tissues. A variety of parameters such as the oxygen supply and the state in the cell cycle, need to be taken into account when evaluating a potential radiosensitizer. Most of the previously known radiosensitizers are neither selective nor tumor specific. In this article, we review the properties and radiosensitizing potential of Photofrin II. Photofrin II is well-known as a photosensitizing agent in photodynamic therapy. In recent years, a radiosensitizing potential of the substance has been demonstrated, specifically increasing the sensitivity of solid tumor tissues, especially of radio-resistant, hypoxic tumor cells, to radiation. This radiosensitizing effect has been demonstrated both by in vitro studies and by animal experiments. Several studies with tissue cultures have demonstrated a radiosensitizing effect of Photofrin II in glioblastoma (U-373MG) and bladder cancer cell lines (RT-4). No effect was noted in colon carcinoma cell lines (HT-29). Unpublished data of additional cell lines will be mentioned in the review. Animal experiments with Lewis sarcoma and with bladder cancer have moreover demonstrated an in vivo effect of Photofrin II as a radiosensitizer. The mechanism of this radiosensitizing effect is not completely understood. In vitro data, however, support the hypothesis that the radiosensitizing action involves OH-radicals in addition to a potential impairment of repair mechanisms after sublethal damage of ionizing radiation. Moreover, early results of a phase I trial are available and document the potential feasibility of the application of Phototofrin II as a radiosensitizing agent in clinical practice.

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Section: Photofrin II ® As a Radiosensitizer -In Vitro Studiesmentioning

confidence: 91%

“…While small doses of the hematoporphyrin exhibited a pronounced radiosensitizing effect, higher doses conversely led to a degree of radioprotection [15]. At higher doses of porphyrin, radioprotection instead ensued [15].…”

Section: Porphyrins As Potential Radiosensitizersmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

Schaffer¹,

Ertl‐Wagner²,

Schaffer³

et al. 2005

CMC

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“…In the developing period of PDT, some studies were conducted to seek the relation of porphyrins and x-and gamma-radiations [4]. At that time, dose dependency of hematoporphyrin and its copper complex was studied, for example, by injecting them intraperitoneally before 23 Gy was delivered on the transplanted tumors in mouse thighs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Potential Radiosensitizing Materials for X-Ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

Takahashi

Misawa

2007

Nanobiotechnol

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For a development of deep tumor treatment in photodynamic therapy, a feasibility of novel radiosensitizers induced by x-ray was investigated. The sensitizers are designed to generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside or outside the cell, possibly leading to damage exclusively on tumor cells and reservation of normal cells along the x-ray path. Taking note of the similarity in energy transfer mechanism in photocatalysts, scintillators, and particulate semiconductors, we chose TiO 2 , ZnS:Ag, CeF 3 , and quantum dots (CdTe and CdSe) in particulate form, which contain heavy atoms for efficient absorption of x-rays. A parameter study for x-ray operating conditions showed that in a typical scenario, photons with 20 to 170 keV energy are attenuated by 90% through the region of particle dispersed aqueous solution at varying concentration between 0.01 and 100 wt%. The amount of ROS generation under the exposure of polychromatic x-ray was measured using dihydroethidium reagent which detects an integrated amount of several species. Proportional increase in ROS generation to x-ray dose was observed for varying concentrations of TiO 2 , ZnS:Ag, CeF 3 , and CdSe quantum dot dispersions. Then, HeLa cells were mixed with aqueous solutions dispersed with sensitizing materials at a concentration of 3.0 mg/ml and were exposed to x-ray. Their survival fraction obtained by a cell proliferation reagent WST-1 immediately after the irradiation showed insignificant effects of sensitizing materials except at large doses. To enhance the sensitization effect, bio-conjugated CdSe quantum dots were internalized in the cytoplasm up to a concentration of 1.0 ng/ml. The cells were irradiated by x-ray up to 5 Gy, and their survival fraction was measured by the colony forming ability 9 days after irradiation. Survival fraction of the cells treated with quantum dots were less than those without quantum dots for all doses, suggesting that the colony forming ability is impaired by the internalized quantum dots.

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Melanoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 215 publications

The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

Analysis of Potential Radiosensitizing Materials for X-Ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

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Melanoma

Cited by 2 publications

References 215 publications

The Application of Photofrin II&#174; as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

The Application of Photofrin II&#174; as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

Analysis of Potential Radiosensitizing Materials for X-Ray-Induced Photodynamic Therapy

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The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?

The Application of Photofrin II® as a Sensitizing Agent for Ionizing Radiation-A New Approach in Tumor Therapy?