Melanocytotoxic chemicals and their toxic mechanisms

Kim, Minjeong; Lim, Kyung Min

doi:10.1007/s43188-022-00144-2

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 138 publications

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“…The formation of dendrites in melanocytes is essential for the transfer of melanosomes to keratinocytes ( Kim and Lim, 2023 ). Therefore, the inhibition of dendritic formation presents another strategy to validation the antipigmentary effect of MA ( Lee et al ., 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylanthranilate, a Food Fragrance Attenuates Skin Pigmentation through Downregulation of Melanogenic Enzymes by cAMP Suppression

Park,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2024

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

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Methyl anthranilate (MA) is a botanical fragrance used in food flavoring with unexplored potential in anti-pigment cosmetics. MA dose-dependently reduced melanin content without affecting cell viability, inhibited dendrite elongation and melanosome transfer in the co-culture system of human melanoma cells (MNT-1) and human keratinocyte cell line (HaCaT), and downregulated melanogenic genes, including tyrosinase, tyrosinase-related protein 1 and 2 (TRP-1, TRP-2). Additionally, MA decreased cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) production and exhibited a significant anti-pigmentary effect in Melanoderm™. These results suggest that MA is a promising anti-pigmentary agent for replacing or complementing existing anti-pigmentary cosmetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylanthranilate, a Food Fragrance Attenuates Skin Pigmentation through Downregulation of Melanogenic Enzymes by cAMP Suppression

Park,

Kim,

Lee

et al. 2024

Biomol Ther (Seoul)

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“…A 2 min exposure of human keratinocytes to SLS compromised cell viability [78]. Additionally, SLS was shown to induce skin irritation and melanocytotoxicity [79]. SLS alone or when present in children's toothpastes altered the expression of genes linked with odontogenesis and perturbed the oxidant-antioxidant balance in zebrafish embryos [80].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Goenka,

Lee

2023

Dentistry Journal

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In this study, we examined the cytotoxic effects of six commercial children’s mouthrinses (designated as #1, #2, #3, #4, #5, and #6) and four commercial children’s toothpastes (designated as #1, #2, #3, and #4) on primary human neonatal melanocytes that were used as a representative model for oral melanocytes. Mouthrinses diluted directly with culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:100, and 1:1000) were added to monolayers of melanocytes for 2 min, followed by 24 h recovery, after which MTS cytotoxicity assay was conducted. The extracts of each toothpaste were prepared (50% w/v), diluted in culture medium (1:2, 1:5, 1:10, 1:50, 1:100, and 1:1000), and added to cell monolayers for 2 min (standard brushing time), followed by an analysis of cell viability after 24 h. Results showed that all mouthrinses except mouthrinse #4 showed significantly greater loss of cell viability, ascribed to cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) that induced significant cytotoxicity to melanocytes (IC50 = 54.33 µM). In the case of toothpastes, the examination of cellular morphology showed that a 2 min exposure to all toothpaste extracts induced a concentration-dependent decline in cell viability, pronounced in toothpaste containing sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) detergent. Further results suggested SLS to be the critical driver of cytotoxicity (IC50 = 317.73 µM). It is noteworthy that toothpaste #1 exhibited much lower levels of cytotoxicity compared to the other three toothpastes containing SLS. Taken together, these findings suggest that the melanocytotoxicity of children’s mouthrinse (#4) and toothpaste (#1) is comparatively low. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to examine the impact of children’s toothpastes and mouthrinses on neonatal primary human melanocytes. Future studies to investigate these findings in a realistic scenario replicating oral cavity conditions of the presence of microbiota, pellicle layer and saliva, and other cell types are warranted.

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Comparative evaluation of six commercial adult toothpaste formulations reveals cytotoxicity and altered functions in a human oral melanocyte model: an in vitro study

Goenka

2024

Odontology

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Melanocytotoxic chemicals and their toxic mechanisms

Cited by 5 publications

References 138 publications

Methylanthranilate, a Food Fragrance Attenuates Skin Pigmentation through Downregulation of Melanogenic Enzymes by cAMP Suppression

Methylanthranilate, a Food Fragrance Attenuates Skin Pigmentation through Downregulation of Melanogenic Enzymes by cAMP Suppression

Effect of Commercial Children’s Mouthrinses and Toothpastes on the Viability of Neonatal Human Melanocytes: An In Vitro Study

Comparative evaluation of six commercial adult toothpaste formulations reveals cytotoxicity and altered functions in a human oral melanocyte model: an in vitro study

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