Melanin-Concentrating Hormone: A General Vertebrate Neuropeptide

Baker, Bridget I.

doi:10.1016/s0074-7696(08)60681-6

Cited by 149 publications

(90 citation statements)

References 98 publications

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“…The processes of colour change are controlled by neuro-endocrine pathway or/and by cell itself. In both neural and hormonal regulation, the signals that trigger the reactions to generate efferent cues for the effector cells i.e., the chromatophores, either from the external environment or those from internal organs that do not influence the pigment cells directly, are processed in the CNS (Iwata and Fukuda, 1973;Fujii and Oshima, 1986;Baker, 1991;Fujii, 1993 andGulzar et al, 2014). The pigment can be either dispersed throughout the cell, which gives a dark appearance, or it can be aggregated around the nucleus, which gives a pale appearance (Bagnara and Hadley, 1973;Fujii, 2000 andAspengren et al, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cadmium chloride on general body colouration and chromatophores of stinging cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Ahmad¹,

Mishra

Kasherwani

et al. 2018

JANS

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Chromatophores, specialized pigment cells in poikilothermic animals, have shown great potential in their use as a cell-based biosensor in the detection of a broad range of environmental toxicants, as structure and number of chromatophores alters significantly under toxicant exposure. Skin coloration of Heteropneustes fossilis is due to melanin containing melanophores. Cadmium, the black listed and non essential heavy metal, is widely used that adversely affects vital activities of aquatic biota. H. fossilis, freshwater Indian stinging catfish, were subjected to exposure of 96 hour LC 50 dose (392.92 mg/l) and 25% of 96 hour LC 50 dose (98.23mg/l) of cadmium chloride (CdCl 2 ) to evaluate toxic impact of cadmium on colouration and chromatophores. A significant decrease was observed in number of chromatophores after acute (highly significant (F = 70.50; P<0.001) and sub acute (significant (F = 0.29; P<0.05) exposure along with heavy nacrotic, lytic and degenerative changes. Chromatophore gradually changed from reticulate to punctate-stellate and punctuate type as they lost their dendritic processes and aggregation of melanin towards centre. Most of the chromatophores lost their cellular entity due to degenerative changes and melanin was found dispersed in surrounding matrix. Peeling and fading of skin was the common feature in all exposure durations. Fish chromatophores may serve as better biomarkers in reference to metallic pollution and will also be helpful in accessing the health status of economically important fishes as well as worsening status of aquatic bodies.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of cadmium chloride on general body colouration and chromatophores of stinging cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Ahmad¹,

Mishra

Kasherwani

et al. 2018

JANS

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“…The antiserum is equally sensitive to des-, mono-and diacetyl a-MSH. Cross-reac tivity of the a-MSH antiserum with MCH [preliminary results have been reported by De Koning et al (13)] and MCH (2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) was assessed (see the Results section).…”

Section: A-msh Radioimmunoassaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In teleosts a neu rohormone, melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH), antagonizes a-MSH in this respect (5). As in other teleosts (4), in tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) MCH is synthesized in the hypo thalamus and transported to the pituitary pars nervosa (18). Also in higher vertebrates, MCH is produced in the hypothalamus (4), and it plays a role in the stress response, in osmoregulation, and in lactation (2).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Also in higher vertebrates, MCH is produced in the hypothalamus (4), and it plays a role in the stress response, in osmoregulation, and in lactation (2). In teleosts the MCH system appeared to be re sponsive to stress and ionic challenges as well (4,6,(15)(16)(17), in addition to its function in the regulation of skin color.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the teleost skin, MCH induces aggre gation of melanin at concentrations that occur in the blood (3,4), whereas administration of high concentrations of MCH to melanophores induces pigment dispersion. The latter has been ex plained by binding of MCH to a-MSH receptors on the melanophores (12,19).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biphasic effect of MCH on α-MSH release from the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) pituitary

1995

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Melanin-concentrating hormone system in the brain of the lungfishProtopterus annectens

et al. 1998

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The neurochemical anatomy of the lungfish brain is of particular interest, because many features in these animals might be representative of the common ancestor of land vertebrates. In the present study, we have investigated the localization and biochemical characteristics of melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-immunoreactive material in the central nervous system of the African lungfish, Protopterus annectens. The most prominent group of MCH-immunoreactive cell bodies was found in the dorsal hypothalamus. Additional groups of MCH-immunoreactive perikarya were detected in the telencephalon within the medial and dorsal pallium, the medial subpallium, and the ventral part of the lateral subpallium. Brightly immunofluorescent nerve fibers were seen in the anterior olfactory nucleus, the ventral part of the medial pallium, the medial subpallium, and the anterior preoptic area. In the diencephalon, the hypothalamus and the medial region of the dorsal thalamus exhibited a dense accumulation of fibers. MCH-immunoreactive fibers were also found in the tectum and the tegmentum of the mesencephalon and within the reticular formation of the rhombencephalon. In the pituitary, several small groups of cells of the intermediate lobe showed a bright fluorescence. Reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis of diencephalon and pituitary extracts resolved a major MCH-immunoreactive peak that coeluted with synthetic salmon MCH. The distribution of MCH in the brain of P. annectens suggests that, in lungfishes, this peptide may exert neuromodulator or neurotransmitter functions. The presence of MCH-like immunoreactivity in the intermediate lobe of the pituitary indicates that, in dipnoans, MCH may also act as a typical pituitary hormone.

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Melanin-Concentrating Hormone: A General Vertebrate Neuropeptide

Cited by 149 publications

References 98 publications

Effect of cadmium chloride on general body colouration and chromatophores of stinging cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Effect of cadmium chloride on general body colouration and chromatophores of stinging cat fish, Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch)

Biphasic effect of MCH on α-MSH release from the tilapia (Oreochromis mossambicus) pituitary

Melanin-concentrating hormone system in the brain of the lungfishProtopterus annectens

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