Meiosis-Driven Genome Variation in Plants

Cai, Xiwen; Xu, Steven S.

doi:10.2174/138920207780833847

Cited by 76 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 178 publications

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“…Because in SDR-type gametes, on the other hand, sister chromatids are kept together, the genetic makeup of these gametes is characterized by high levels of homozygosity. As a result, the majority of parental heterozygosity and epistatic interaction is lost (Cai and Xu, 2007).…”

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confidence: 99%

The Arabidopsis MutantjasonProduces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II

2011

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In plants, whole-genome doubling (polyploidization) is a widely occurring process largely contributing to plant evolution and diversification. The generation and fusion of diploid gametes is now considered the major route of plant polyploidization. The parallel arrangement or fusion of meiosis II MII spindles (ps) is one of the most frequently reported mechanisms generating triploid offspring. Through a forward genetics screen of an Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) ethyl methanesulfonate population, we identified Arabidopsis thaliana Parallel Spindles1 (AtPS1), which was recently reported as a major gene implicated in the control of the ps meiotic defect. In addition, we describe the isolation and characterization of a novel allele of JASON, involved in male gametophytic ploidy regulation in plants. Similar to atps1 mutants, jason produces more than 25% 2n pollen grains and spontaneously forms triploid offspring. By combining both cytological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate that loss of JASON causes the formation of parallel arranged and fused spindles in male MII, resulting in the production of unreduced first division restitution 2n spores. Although JASON encodes a protein of unknown function, we additionally show that the meiotic ps defect in jason is caused by a reduction in AtPS1 transcript levels, indicating that JASON positively regulates AtPS1 expression, allowing the proper organization and orientation of metaphase II spindle plates in MII.

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The Arabidopsis MutantjasonProduces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II

2011

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“…Non-random chromosome segregation during meiosis is another possible explanation for the distorted segregation observed [30].The other 12 RAPD markers showed distorted segregation by being retained in more than 84% of the progeny (χ2=8.89-17.64, P<0.003). Thus being distortion-causers [31], most of these RAPDs have been used as seed-markers for a linkage mapping approach.…”

Section: Segregation Distortion Of Rapd Markersmentioning

confidence: 95%

Parental Bias in Segregation Distortion of RAPD Markers from Solanum Anther-Derived Plants

Aziz

Boulevard²

2014

PAB

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A diploid Solanum clone 9507-04 was used to grow anther-derived plantlets that were putatively monoploid. Sixteen RAPD primers were used to observe the RAPD profiles from anther-donor and anther-derived materials. A total of 56 RAPD markers were scored and each marker was identified according to the primer's designation and size (kilo base pairs) of the amplified fragment. Of 56 RAPD markers assayed, 44.6% did not follow the expected 1:1 Me ndelian segregation (χ 2 >4.26, P<0.05) in the anther-derived progeny. The selected six morphological traits also segregated in anther-derived plants including the nine that retained 3-4 of the parental leaf characters. The 12 distortion-causing RAPD markers (χ2=8.89-17.64, P<0.003) with above 84% presence in the progeny were retained in all above nine plants. Such preference of parental markers in potato anther-derived progeny may indicate a linkage with androgenesis.

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“…The stage of meiosis when restitution occurs has an impact on gamete formation and chromosome assortment (Ramanna and Jacobsen, 2003;Cai and Xu, 2007). Failure of the first meiotic division results in cells where sister chromatids fail to separate during meiosis I but assort and divide during meiosis II.…”

Section: Unreduced Gametesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding Perennial Grain Crops Based on Wheat

Curwen-McAdams

Jones

2017

Crop Science

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Wild relatives offer a diversity of traits potentially useful in crop improvement. Identification of major genes for resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, in conjunction with targeted introgression, has introduced some of these traits into cultivated varieties. The difficulty of transferring complex traits, and associated linkage drag, has limited the ability of breeding programs to fully use important genetic variation. Wheat (Triticum L.) is an example of an important crop with large secondary and tertiary genepools of species capable of producing viable offspring by cross pollination. Wheat is annual, but most of the related species in the Triticeae Dumort tribe are perennials. An unknown number of genes control the perennial habit, although previous work has shown that it is a complex trait with quantitative expression. Lack of recombination between the parental genomes and complexity of the trait suggest another avenue for breeding: the addition of a genome. Multiple genera can hybridize with wheat, and some combinations produce stable amphiploids. The development of perennial grain and forage crops balancing the agronomics of wheat with the polycarpic habit of its relatives is promising. The approach is similar to Triticale (× Triticosecale Wittmack ex A. Camus), where new crops are developed combining the desirable qualities of the parents. Through prebreeding of the wild relatives, application of insight into meiosis, and strategic use of known genes, it should be more efficient to breed perennial grain crops adapted to diverse production systems.

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Meiosis-Driven Genome Variation in Plants

Cited by 76 publications

References 178 publications

The Arabidopsis MutantjasonProduces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II

The Arabidopsis MutantjasonProduces Unreduced First Division Restitution Male Gametes through a Parallel/Fused Spindle Mechanism in Meiosis II

Parental Bias in Segregation Distortion of RAPD Markers from Solanum Anther-Derived Plants

Breeding Perennial Grain Crops Based on Wheat

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