Mei-S332, a drosophila protein required for sister-chromatid cohesion, can localize to meiotic centromere regions

Abstract

Mutations in the Drosophila mei-S332 gene cause premature separation of the sister chromatids in late anaphase of meiosis I. Therefore, the mei-S332 protein was postulated to hold the centromere regions of sister chromatids together until anaphase II. The mei-S332 gene encodes a novel 44 kDa protein. Mutations in mei-S332 that differentially affect function in males or females map to distinct domains of the protein. A fusion of mei-S332 to the green fluorescent protein (GFP) is fully functional and localizes specifically to the centromere region of meiotic chromosomes. When sister chromatids separate at anaphase II, mei-S332-GFP disappears from the chromosomes, suggesting that the destruction or release of this protein is required for sister-chromatid separation.

Shugoshin regulates cohesion by driving relocalization of PP2A in Xenopus extracts

“…Therefore, in these transformed human cells, Sgo1 appears to protect a small population of cohesin both at arms and at centromeres from the prophase pathway (Nakajima et al 2007). In contrast, the pioneer studies of D. melanogaster mei-S332 mutants indicated the absence of cohesion defects in mitotic cells (Kerrebrock et al 1995). After removing arm cohesion by treatment with colchicine, sister chromatid separation was observed in 18% of the mutant cells compared with 9% of the wild-type cells, suggesting that shugoshin MEI-S332 was specifically involved in centromeric cohesion (LeBlanc et al 1999).…”

“…In both anaphase I and anaphase II, loss of cohesion involves separasemediated cleavage of cohesin (Terret et al 2003;Brar et al 2006;Kudo et al 2006). A family of proteins known as shugoshins (Sgo), orthologues of Drosophila melanogaster MEI-S332, protect centromeric cohesin from separase cleavage in meiosis I (Kerrebrock et al 1995;Kitajima et al 2004;Rabitsch et al 2004). One or two orthologues of this protein can be found in most eukaryotes, and they function both in meiosis and mitosis.…”

Drosophila cohesins DSA1 and Drad21 persist and colocalize along the centromeric heterochromatin during mitosis

“…The Drosophila MEI-S332 protein localizes to centromeres in mitosis and meiosis, and is required for the maintenance of centromere cohesion in meiosis II (Kerrebrock et al, 1995;Moore et al;. Since in mitotic chromosomes this protein appears at the centromere pairing domain (Lopez et al, 2000), as does DSA1, we double immunolabeled the two proteins to test for colocalization (Fig.…”

“…Here we analyze the cytological expression of DSA1 and compare it to that of Drad21 throughout the cell cycle in S2 cells. In addition, we studied the colocalization of DSA1 and MEI-S332, a Drosophila protein required for centromere cohesion during mitotic and meiotic divisions (Kerrebrock et al, 1995).…”

Meiotic shugoshins differ from mitotic ones by arginine-reach C-terminal motif in yeast, plant, animals, and human

“…The C-terminal domain was shown to be crucial for centromere localization of 13 MEI-S332 protein (Kerrebrock et al, 1995;Tang et al, 1998). 14 Another bioinformatics method has been employed to further search for orthologs, 15 considering the domain protein structure.…”