Megacity Wastewater Poured into A Nearby Basin: Looking for Sustainable Scenarios in A Case Study

Chamizo-Checa, Silvia; Otazo-Sánchez, Elena María; Gordillo-Martínez, Alberto José; Suárez-Sánchez, Juan; González-Ramírez, César Abelardo; Muñoz-Nava, Hipólito

doi:10.3390/w12030824

Cited by 14 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This research shows the same tendency found in the Mezquital Valley, a semidesert area highly threatened by climate warming and the high growth of its industry and agriculture. Researchers have recently found high water scarcity values on surface water and groundwater in climate change scenarios [43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Availability–Demand Balance under Climate Change Scenarios in an Overpopulated Region of Mexico

Bravo-Cadena

Pavón

Balvanera

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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Climate change scenarios show that water availability could be decreasing in the near future, adding to the increasing problem of the growing water demands in socioeconomic sectors. The aim of this work was to generate a geographically explicit water balance concerning availability vs. demand in an overpopulated region of Mexico. Water balance and water deficit models were made for three periods of time: 1970–2000, and two future periods of time (2041–2060 and 2061–2080). Three global climate models were used in addition to two different climate scenarios from each (Representative Concentration Pathways (RCP) RCP 4.6 and RCP 8.5). Water demand for socioeconomic sectors was calculated through the water footprint. Water availability was 197,644.58 hm3/year, while that the water demand was 59,187 hm3/year. The socioeconomic sectors with the highest demand were domestic services (48%), agriculture (27%), livestock agriculture (20%), and timber production (5%). The highest water availability areas were not the same as those with the highest demand and vice versa. However, 39% of municipalities had a higher water demand than its availability. A significant reduction in water availability was identified, considering an interval of -15% to 40%. This variation depends on climate models, scenarios, and period of time. Areas with overpopulated cities in the region would have higher pressure on water availability. These results could be used in the implementation of public policies by focusing on adaptation strategies to reduce water deficit in the immediate future.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Availability–Demand Balance under Climate Change Scenarios in an Overpopulated Region of Mexico

Bravo-Cadena

Pavón

Balvanera

et al. 2021

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…The food-water quality nexus in peri-urban aquacultures downstream of Bangkok, Thailand [58] Water/Soil Megacity wastewater poured into a nearby basin: looking for sustainable scenarios in a case study [15] Water/Soil…”

Section: Title Citation Fieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The peri-urban landscape transformation was reported in Latin America through the rapid growth of four developing cities, Santiago de Chile, Panama City, Mexico City, and Rio de Janeiro, with different challenges [14]. In contrast, the Mezquital Valley, northwest of Mexico City, has shown strong development in the agricultural and industrial sectors, which is allowed by the megacity sewage supply [15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Groundwater Management in the Mexico Megacity Peri-Urban Interface

Ríos-Sánchez,

Chamizo-Checa,

Galindo-Castillo

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Megacities boost peri-urban socioeconomic development but fulfill their high natural resource demands by overexploitation, yielding irreversible environmental damage in surroundings that turn into sacrifice zones. This study reports the effects on the Cuautitlán-Pachuca Valley, the Mexico City main expansion zone at the northeast of the metropolitan area on the Central Mexico plateau, the trend scenarios from 2020 to 2050, and the actions to mitigate the growing water demand that will worsen its aquifer overexploitation. We designed a conceptual archetype to apply the Water Evaluation and Planning System (W.E.A.P.) mathematical model calibrated with 2013–2014 data to calculate groundwater volume demand in future scenarios. The demand output for the international airport and agriculture was less than 5%. The local climate change effect up to 2050 will slightly reduce the infiltration. The most crucial water demand increase (195% in 2050) is due to the population and industrial growth of the Mexico City northern municipalities (89% of the total groundwater extraction volume), and the aquifer will have a notable −2192.3 hm3 accumulated deficit in 2050, while urban sprawl will decrease water infiltration by 2.3%. Mitigation scenarios such as rainwater harvesting may reduce the urban water supply only by 9%, and a leak cutback will do so by 24%, which is still insufficient to achieve sustainable water management in the future. These outcomes emphasize the need to consider other actions, such as importing water from near aquifers and treating wastewater reuse to meet the future water demand.

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“…The climate crisis has had a negative effect on the hydrological cycle and water resources, which have been depleted and polluted, disrupting socio-ecological systems [6]. Groundwater is increasingly vulnerable to drought and desertification scenarios [7]. However, in the face of decreasing water availability, the proper use and management of aquifers can be an alternative for sustainable water use and adaptation to climate change [8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aquifers and Groundwater: Challenges and Opportunities in Water Resource Management in Colombia

Aranguren-Díaz,

Galán-Freyle,

Guerra

et al. 2024

Water

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Water is essential for life on Earth, playing fundamental roles in climate regulation, ecosystem maintenance, and domestic, agricultural, and industrial processes. A total of 70% of the planet is covered by water. However, only 2.5% is fresh water, and much of it is inaccessible. Groundwater is the main source of the planet’s available water resources. For that reason, groundwater is a critically important resource, and is increasingly vulnerable due to the climate crisis and contamination. These challenges threaten the availability of clean and safe water, necessitating an understanding of effective and sustainable management. This review presents an overview of the concepts of aquifers and groundwater. Also, it reflects on the importance of these resources in developing countries such as Colombia (South America). In addition, it considers the characteristics of mineral waters, their uses, and associated risks, as well as their exploration and control policies. Colombia is a country with immense water and biological wealth and is crucial to maintaining the climate and availability of global water resources. Nevertheless, managing Colombia’s aquifers is a challenge, as many have not yet been fully explored. In order to achieve this, it is necessary to study hydrogeochemistry through the application of advanced technologies to analyze the dynamics, distribution, and quality of groundwater, as well as its vulnerability to pollution and climate change. On the other hand, the consumption of mineral groundwater can have health benefits, such as positive cardiovascular and gastrointestinal effects. But geogenic, biogenic, or anthropogenic elements such as heavy metals and microplastics can pose a risk to human health. The need for proper management of water resources to prevent risks to human health and the environment is emphasized. Therefore, an integrated approach to water resource management will ensure conservation and sustainable use, secure a continuous supply of freshwater, and facilitate adaptation to climate change.

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Megacity Wastewater Poured into A Nearby Basin: Looking for Sustainable Scenarios in A Case Study

Cited by 14 publications

References 32 publications

Water Availability–Demand Balance under Climate Change Scenarios in an Overpopulated Region of Mexico

Water Availability–Demand Balance under Climate Change Scenarios in an Overpopulated Region of Mexico

The Groundwater Management in the Mexico Megacity Peri-Urban Interface

Aquifers and Groundwater: Challenges and Opportunities in Water Resource Management in Colombia

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