Medžimurje horse population in Slovenia

Abstract

Medžimurje horse population in SloveniaIn the nineteenth and early twentieth century the Medžimurje horse played an important role as a draft and working horse in the river Mura region. Nowadays, this area is split between Hungary, Austria, Slovenia and Croatia. In the frame of the project "Management of traditional transboundary breeds on example of a nearly forgotten breed the Murinsulaner", we collected data for cold blooded horses similar to the Medžimurje horse. Horses of this type do not exist in Austria anymore, in Croatia they were registered as an authothonous breed »Medjimurje horse«, and in Slovenia and Hungary this horse has a special section in the stud book for cold blooded horses as a Medžimurje type of horse. The Slovenian part of the population of the Medžimurje horse is quite heterogeneous regarding body measures. With respect to the scoring system used in the above mentioned project, the majority of scored animals were classified as »desired« or »satisfactory«. In order to further develop or to preserve this type of horse or to form a consolidated breed we would have to make a breeding program which would prevent mating among related animals and to cooperate with neighbouring countries in the field of breeding and selection. The only hope to preserve this type of horse on the long term in the region is by using it as a tourist attraction for carriage riding and/or as a draft horse in agriculture in marginal regions.Key words: horses / breeds / Medžimurje horse / history / scoring / genetic diversity / conservation Populacija medžimurskega konja v SlovenijiMedžimurski konj je imel pomembno vlogo pri transportu in delu v devetnajstem in v začetku dvajsetega stoletja na področju ob Muri. Danes je to področje razdeljeno med Madžarsko, Avstrijo, Slovenijo in Hrvaško. V okviru projekta "Upravljanje tradicionalnih čezmejnih pasem na primeru skoraj pozabljene pasme, medžimurski konj", smo zbrali podatke o hladnokrvnih konjih, ki so v tipu medžimurskega konja. V Avstriji takih konj ni več, na Hrvaškem so konje tega tipa registrirali kot avtohtono pasmo medjimurski konj, na Madžarskem in v Sloveniji pa se ti konji vodijo kot poseben oddelek (medži-murski tip) rodovniške knjige za hladnokrvne konje. Slovenski del populacije v tipu medžimurskega konja je glede na telesne mere precej neizenačen. Upoštevaje sistem ocenjevanja, ki je bil razvit v okviru omenjenega projekta, večina ocenjenih živali sodi v t.i. razred zaželeno oz. zadovoljivo. Za razvoj in ohranitev tega tipa konja oz. formiranje pasme, bo potrebno izdelati rejski program, ki bo zagotavljal preprečevanje parjenja v sorodstvu in razviti sodelovanje s sosednjimi državami na področju reje in selekcije tega tipa konj. Ne nazadnje je dolgoročen obstoj tega tipa konja mogoče zagotoviti le z njegovo uporabo za delo v kmetijstvu in v turizmu.Ključne besede: konji / pasme / medžimurski konj / zgodovina / ocenjevanje / genetska pestrost / ohranjanje Acta agriculturae Slovenica, 98/2 -2011 112 K. POTOČNIK et al.