Medium-Voltage Load Current Interruption in the Presence of Ablating Polymer Material

Taxt, Henning; Niayesh, Kaveh; Runde, M.

doi:10.1109/tpwrd.2018.2803165

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…For this purpose, the equilibrium compositions are first calculated numerically by minimization of the Gibbs free energy of the system. This calculation considered the 46 species described in table [35,36].…”

Section: Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Of Vapor In Gas Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…This higher arc resistance and shorter arc duration with that of β H ′ in the experiments corresponds to the calculation results obtained for the higher arc resistance with β H . Ablation materials containing a large amount of H 2 vapor may lead to a glow-arc transition in their timing of current dropping to zero [36]. Only a few cases seem to indicate the glow-arc transition.…”

Section: Figure 18 Portrays Arc Voltage and Current Waveforms At A H ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture

Shibayama¹,

Tanaka²,

Nakano³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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As described in this paper, we proposed the adoption of polyacrylic acid (PAA) with H2O, which becomes PAA + H2O mixture gel, as an ablation medium for arc quenching in a low-voltage DC circuit breaker. It is well known that H2O is a highly arc-quenching medium, but it has been difficult to use H2O in liquid phase directly as an arc-quenching medium. The arc performance of PAA + H2O mixture gel was studied using numerical and experimental approaches. Numerical thermofluid simulation was conducted to obtain the arc temperature and gas flow distribution at different H2O mixing ratios in PAA + H2O gel. To consider ablation of PAA + H2O gel, a method of alternately arranging PAA and H2O in the ablation wall was also proposed. Calculation results demonstrate that increasing the H2O mixing ratio in PAA + H2O mixture gel makes the arc narrower in the temperature and electrical conductivity distributions. The experimentally obtained results also indicate that arcs confined in PAA + H2O mixture gel with higher H2O mixture become narrower than those in PAA or other materials. Moreover, arcs confined by PAA + H2O mixture gel with higher H2O mixing ratio enhance the arc resistance rapidly. The results suggest that PAA + H2O mixture gel can have higher arc-quenching performance than pure polymers.

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Section: Thermodynamic and Transport Properties Of Vapor In Gas Phasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Figure 18 Portrays Arc Voltage and Current Waveforms At A H ...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture

Shibayama¹,

Tanaka²,

Nakano³

et al. 2021

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…Another way to increase the stagnation pressure is to change the material, and thereby the constant Kp. However, changing the material also changes the gas composition and can affect the post-arc conductance and dielectric recovery of the interruption medium [9]. The nozzle erosion is also a factor to consider in a practical switch design.…”

Section: B Blow Pressurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…The last measure, changing the material, would be an easy way to increase the pressure. However, that changes the gas composition, and could lead to problems in the post-arc recovery process [9]. This illustrates that designing an MV selfblast switch is not an easy task, with the wide range of concerns Filled symbol = successful interruption Fig.…”

Section: Implications For Switch Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the studies in [6]- [8] show that geometries that work well at lower voltage ratings, for example, polymer ablation without a well-defined arc-cooling gas flow, cannot necessarily be scaled up to handle higher voltage ratings. The study in [9] emphasizes the contact gap conductance in the post-arc period and the importance of sustained gas flow and thus cooling after the arc is quenched. This becomes increasingly important at higher voltage ratings.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Self-Blast Current Interruption and Adaption to Medium-Voltage Load Current Switching

Taxt

Niayesh

Runde

2019

IEEE Trans. Power Delivery

Self Cite

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Abstract-Ablation-assisted current interruption is a candidate for improving interruption capability in medium voltage switchgear. In high voltage switchgear, ablation is utilized to achieve high pressures in self-blast circuit breakers. Self-blast switch technology adapted to medium voltage could represent an attractive alternative to SF6 technology in load current interruption. However, the arc energies involved would be much lower than in fault current interruption, where self-blast technology is traditionally employed, and to achieve sufficient pressure buildup, this must be compensated for. Higher pressure could be achieved by reducing the radius or increasing the length of the nozzle throat, reducing the heating volume size, changing or increasing the amount of ablative material, or restricting the outward gas flow. Interruption experiments in air have been performed on four different model switch designs that are meant to highlight the possibilities and challenges of adapting self-blast technology to medium voltage load current interruption. The results show that typical load currents can be interrupted at 24 kV, but below a certain critical current, in the present case 200 A, interruptions fail. Self-blast technology could prove useful in medium voltage load current interruption in the future, provided a method for interrupting the lowest currents can be found.

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Atomic-scale insight into arc plasma radiation-induced gassing materials ablation: photothermal decomposition behavior

Cao,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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In this study, we present a novel computational atomistic study of the photothermal decomposition behavior of arc plasma on radiation-induced gassing materials, studying a polyamide 66 (PA66) system using reactive force field (ReaxFF) molecular dynamics (MD). We determine the infrared (IR) vibrational frequency of the PA66 permanent molecular dipole using MD and then computationally impose an electric field at the same frequency to simulate photothermal decomposition by IR, verifying our observations with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) of experimental decomposition. MD indicates that photothermal decomposition reaction is dominated by either cleavage at low temperature or cyclization at high temperature. At low temperature, initial chain scission takes place at the two amide C-N, and the remaining chains break down into a variety of molecular fragments and free radicals. Further increasing the temperature stabilizes a variety of branched chain structures via cyclization, debranching and polymerization, with further cleavage forming hydrocarbons and volatile small molecule gases. Overall, H2, CO, H2O, alkanes and alkenes are the main gaseous products and cyclic structures (especially nitrogen-containing three-membered ring) are the main solid products during the photothermal decomposition of PA66, and their formation results from a variety of complex chemical reactions. The results of MD cover the experimental observations of GCMS, demonstrating that this computational methodology helps us understand the molecular breakdown mechanisms of arc plasma radiation-induced gassing materials. We also discuss the physical mechanism by which the main gas can accelerate arc quenching, and the importance and necessity of using electric fields to simulate IR photothermal decomposition of arc-induced ablation.

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Medium-Voltage Load Current Interruption in the Presence of Ablating Polymer Material

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture

Self-Blast Current Interruption and Adaption to Medium-Voltage Load Current Switching

Atomic-scale insight into arc plasma radiation-induced gassing materials ablation: photothermal decomposition behavior

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Medium-Voltage Load Current Interruption in the Presence of Ablating Polymer Material

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H2O mixture

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H2O mixture

Self-Blast Current Interruption and Adaption to Medium-Voltage Load Current Switching

Atomic-scale insight into arc plasma radiation-induced gassing materials ablation: photothermal decomposition behavior

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture

Numerical study of polymer-ablation arc with polyacrylic acid + H₂O mixture