Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Decrease Colonization and Invasion through
            <i>hilA</i>
            Suppression Shortly after Infection of Chickens with
            <i>Salmonella enterica</i>
            Serovar Enteritidis

Immerseel, Filip Van; Buck, Jeroen De; Boyen, Filip; Bohez, Lotte; Pasmans, Frank; Volf, Jiřı́; Sevcik, Mojmir; Rychlı́k, Ivan; Haesebrouck, Freddy; Ducatelle, Richard

doi:10.1128/aem.70.6.3582-3587.2004

Cited by 167 publications

(134 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Salmonella Typhimurium strains carrying the plasmid containing either the hilA-luxCDABE or the ssrA-luxCDABE transcriptional fusions were used in the virulence gene expression experiments [5]. For fluorescence microscopy, the pFPV25.1 plasmid expressing green fluorescent protein under the constitutive promoter of rpsM was used [6,35,36].…”

Section: Bacterial Strains and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol promotes uptake ofSalmonellaTyphimurium in porcine macrophages, associated with ERK1/2 induced cytoskeleton reorganization

Vandenbroucke¹,

Croubels²,

Verbrugghe³

et al. 2009

Vet. Res.

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-Both the mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) and Salmonella Typhimurium are major issues in swine production. This study aimed at examining the interaction between DON and Salmonella Typhimurium at the level of the porcine innate immune system, represented by macrophages. First, we assessed the direct cytotoxic effect of DON on porcine macrophages. Incubation with 0.25 lg/mL of DON or higher resulted in a significant cytotoxic effect after 24 h of incubation. Secondly, the direct toxic effect of DON on the growth and on the expression of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 (SPI-1) and SPI-2 virulence genes of Salmonella Typhimurium was determined. At low non-cytotoxic concentrations, as can be found in the serum of pigs, DON did not have any effect on either growth or virulence gene expression of Salmonella Typhimurium. However, when the invasion and intracellular survival of Salmonella Typhimurium in macrophages preexposed to 0.025 lg/mL of DON was examined, DON significantly promoted the uptake of Salmonella Typhimurium into macrophages. The enhanced uptake coincided with marked F-actin reorganization of the cells, which was due to the activation of extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2). These results suggest that low but relevant concentrations of DON modulate the innate immune system and could thus increase the susceptibility of pigs to infections with Salmonella Typhimurium.deoxynivalenol / Salmonella Typhimurium / pig / macrophage / cytoskeleton

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Section: Bacterial Strains and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol promotes uptake ofSalmonellaTyphimurium in porcine macrophages, associated with ERK1/2 induced cytoskeleton reorganization

Vandenbroucke¹,

Croubels²,

Verbrugghe³

et al. 2009

Vet. Res.

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“…However, in other research where chickens were delayed fed for 1 or 2 days, the mortality risk was not affected (Corless and Sell, 1999). In chickens that were infected with the malabsorption syndrome, inclusion of MCFA resulted in a lower mortality risk (Gutierrez Del Alamo et al, 2007) of which the effect was contributed to the antimicrobial properties of MCFA (Van Immerseel et al, 2004). Inclusion of MCFA in a pre-starter diet can be hypothesized to have similar antimicrobial properties, possibly preventing the colonization of pathogenic microflora associated with increased mortality risk.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feed access after hatch and inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet on broiler chicken growth performance and humoral immunity

Lamot

Klein

Linde

et al. 2016

animal

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Delayed feed and water access is known to impair growth performance of day old broiler chickens. Although effects of feed access on growth performance and immune function of broilers have been examined before, effects of dietary composition and its potential interaction with feed access are hardly investigated. This experiment aimed to determine whether moment of first feed and water access after hatch and pre-starter composition (0 to 7 days) affect growth rate and humoral immune function in broiler chickens. Direct fed chickens received feed and water directly after placement in the grow-out facility, whilst delayed fed chickens only after 48 h. Direct and delayed fed chickens received a control pre-starter diet, or a diet containing medium chain fatty acids (MCFA) or fish oil. At 21 days, chickens were immunized by injection of sheep red blood cells. The mortality rate depended on an interaction between feed access and pre-starter composition ( P = 0.014). Chickens with direct feed access fed the control pre-starter diet had a higher risk for mortality than chickens with delayed feed access fed the control pre-starter diet (16.4% v. 4.2%) whereas the other treatment groups were in-between. BW gain and feed intake till 25 days in direct fed chickens were higher compared with delayed fed chickens, whilst gain to feed ratio was lower. Within the direct fed chickens, the control prestarter diet resulted in the highest BW at 28 days and the MCFA pre-starter diet the lowest (Δ = 2.4%), whereas this was opposite for delayed fed chickens (Δ = 3.0%; P = 0.033). Provision of MCFA resulted in a 4.6% higher BW gain and a higher gain to feed ratio compared with other pre-starter diets, but only during the period it was provided (2 to 7 days). Minor treatment effects were found for humoral immune response by measuring immunoglobulins, agglutination titers, interferon gamma (IFN-γ), and complement activity. Concluding, current inclusion levels of fish oil (5 g/kg) and MCFA (30 g/kg) in the pre-starter diet appear to have limited (carryover) effects on growth and development, as well as on humoral immune function.

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“…Studies on the biological effects of coconut oil have proven that it ameliorates oxidative stress by boosting the antioxidant defense system, mopping up free radicals and reducing lipid peroxidation [4,5]. It has also been reported to suppress microbial and viral activities [6], promote weight loss and enhance thyroid function [7]. Other researches have also reported that coconut oil possesses anti-inflammatory and anti-ulcerogenic effect [8], while also having the ability to increase the level of high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and to reduce the level of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in serum and tissues [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of virgin coconut oil in alloxan induced diabetic male Sprague Dawley rats

Iranloye¹,

Oludare²,

Olubiyi³

2013

JDM

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Oxidative stress has been discovered to be involved in the progression of diabetes mellitus. The antioxidant properties of virgin coconut oil (VCO) among other functions might have a beneficial effect in ameliorating the disease. This study was aimed to determine the glycemic and antioxidant effects of VCO in alloxan induced diabetic rats. 24 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups as follows: control (C), diabetes untreated (DUT), diabetes treated with 7.5 ml/kg VCO (DT 7.5 ) and diabetes treated with 10 ml/kg VCO (DT 10 ). Alloxan (100 mg/kg b.w I.P) was used to induce diabetes and VCO was administered orally once daily for 4 weeks. Fasting blood glucose level was measured on Day 0 (72 hours post alloxan injection) and after 4 weeks. Glucose tolerance test was conducted on the 4th week as well as the determination of serum insulin and liver antioxidant parameters using standard biochemical methods. Values are means ± S.E.M., compared by ANOVA and Tukey's post hoc test. The results show that VCO significantly reduced the fasting blood glucose level in DT 7.5 rats (132.4 ± 6.911) and DT 10 rats (131.6 ± 12.2) are compared with DUT rats (320.4 ± 22.99) and improved the oral glucose tolerance. Serum insulin was increased in DT 10 rats. GSH activities significantly increased p < 0.05 in DT 10 rats (0.39 ± 0.022) when compared to DUT rats (0.032 ± 0.004). CAT activities also significantly increased p < 0.05 in DT 7.5 (17.63 ± 0.61) and DT 10 rats (30.88 ± 0.97) when compared to DUT rats (10.98 ± 0.6). SOD activities significantly increased p < 0.05 in DT 7.5 (2.634 ± 0.04) and DT 10 rats (2.258 ± 0.32) when compared to DUT rats (1.366 ± 0.05) while MDA significantly reduced p < 0.05 in DT 7.5 (49.16 ± 0.51) and DT 10 (33.64 ± 0.42) rats when compared to DUT rats (99.93 ± 4.79). This study revealed that VCO has a hypoglycemic action, enhances insulin secretion and also ameliorates oxidative stress induced in type I (alloxan-induced diabetic) male rats.

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Medium-Chain Fatty Acids Decrease Colonization and Invasion through hilA Suppression Shortly after Infection of Chickens with Salmonella enterica Serovar Enteritidis

Cited by 167 publications

References 23 publications

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol promotes uptake ofSalmonellaTyphimurium in porcine macrophages, associated with ERK1/2 induced cytoskeleton reorganization

The mycotoxin deoxynivalenol promotes uptake ofSalmonellaTyphimurium in porcine macrophages, associated with ERK1/2 induced cytoskeleton reorganization

Effects of feed access after hatch and inclusion of fish oil and medium chain fatty acids in a pre-starter diet on broiler chicken growth performance and humoral immunity

Anti-diabetic and antioxidant effects of virgin coconut oil in alloxan induced diabetic male Sprague Dawley rats

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