Medium and long chain free fatty acid receptors in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases

Kytikovа, O. Yu.; Новгородцева, Т. П.; Denisenko, Yulia K.; Аntonyuk, M. V.; Gvozdenko, T. A.

doi:10.36604/1998-5029-2021-80-115-128

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 58 publications

(20 reference statements)

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“…The functioning of immunocompetent cells involved in the resolution process depends on the composition of fatty acids (FAs) in their cell membranes, dietary intake of FAs, and the capability to metabolize polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) [21]. Therefore, the modification of FA composition can lead to disruption of regulatory mechanisms of the inflammatory process [22,23]. It is well known that ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs are precursors for the synthesis of proinflammatory eicosanoids, specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs) [24,25], and endocannabinoids [26].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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2023

Russ Open Med J

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Asthma is a common chronic heterogeneous inflammatory respiratory disease with complex pathogenesis. Chronic lung inflammation can be the result of a defect in the resolution of the inflammatory process caused by an imbalance between the synthesis of proinflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators. The identification of immunomodulatory effects of eicosanoids, specialized proresolving mediators (SPMs), and endocannabinoids synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) allows taking a fresh look at the ways of controlling inflammation rather than solely at its mechanisms. The use of ω-3 PUFA-containing food supplements in combination with standard therapy leads to improved asthma control due to the ability of ω-3 PUFAs to stimulate SPM synthesis and inhibit intracellular signaling pathways of inflammation. Lipid mediators are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) that have anti-inflammatory properties. The receptors that are widely expressed in the pulmonary epithelium, endothelium, dendritic cells, eosinophils, fibroblasts, and macrophages play an important role in the regulation of immunometabolic homeostasis in the bronchopulmonary system. Our review systematizes the published data on the properties and mechanism of action of biologically active ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs involved in the inflammatory process in asthma. Also, this article presents the prospects of using ω-3 PUFAs for the resolution of inflammation in asthma.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Untitled

2023

Russ Open Med J

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And Lipid Mediators Controlling Chronic Inflammation In Asthma

et al. 2023

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Asthma is a common chronic heterogeneous inflammatory respiratory disease with complex pathogenesis. Chronic lung inflammation can be the result of a defect in the resolution of the inflammatory process caused by an imbalance between the synthesis of proinflammatory and pro-resolving lipid mediators. The identification of immunomodulatory effects of eicosanoids, specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs), and endocannabinoids synthesized from polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) allows taking a fresh look at the ways of controlling inflammation rather than solely at its mechanisms. The use of ω-3 PUFA-containing food supplements in combination with standard therapy leads to improved asthma control due to the ability of ω-3 PUFAs to stimulate SPM synthesis and inhibit intracellular signaling pathways of inflammation. Lipid mediators are agonists of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GR) that have anti-inflammatory properties. The receptors that are widely expressed in the pulmonary epithelium, endothelium, dendritic cells, eosinophils, fibroblasts, and macrophages play an important role in the regulation of immunometabolic homeostasis in the bronchopulmonary system. Our review systematizes the published data on the properties and mechanism of action of biologically active ω-3 and ω-6 PUFAs involved in the inflammatory process in asthma. Also, this article presents the prospects of using ω-3 PUFAs for the resolution of inflammation in asthma.

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Fatty acid epoxides in the regulation of the inflammation

et al. 2022

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Cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase derived lipid metabolites of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), as well as their role in the inflammation, have been studied quite thoroughly. However, cytochrome P450 derived lipid mediators, as well as their participation in the regulation of the inflammation, need deeper understanding. In recent years, it has become known that PUFAs are oxidized by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases to epoxy fatty acids, which act as the extremely powerful lipid mediators involved in resolving inflammation. Recent studies have shown that the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ω-3 PUFAs are also mediated by their conversion to the endocannabinoid epoxides. Thus, it is clear that a number of therapeutically relevant functions of PUFAs are due to their conversion to PUFA epoxides. However, with the participation of cytochrome P450 epoxygenases, not only PUFA epoxides, but also other metabolites are formed. They are further are converted by epoxide hydrolases into pro-inflammatory dihydroxy fatty acids and anti-inflammatory dihydroxyeicosatrienoic acids. The study of the role of PUFA epoxides in the regulation of the inflammation and pharmacological modeling of the activity of epoxide hydrolases are the promising strategies for the treatment of the inflammatory diseases. This review systematizes the current literature data of the fatty acid epoxides, in particular, the endocannabinoid epoxides. Their role in the regulation of inflammation is discussed.

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Medium and long chain free fatty acid receptors in the pathophysiology of respiratory diseases

Cited by 3 publications

References 58 publications

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Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids And Lipid Mediators Controlling Chronic Inflammation In Asthma

Fatty acid epoxides in the regulation of the inflammation

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