Mediterranean Spotted Fever: Clinical, Laboratory and Epidemiological Features of 199 Cases

Raoult, Didier; Weiller, Pierre Jean; Chagnon, A.; Chaudet, Hervé; Gallais, H; Casanova, Paul

doi:10.4269/ajtmh.1986.35.845

Cited by 193 publications

(169 citation statements)

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“…The authors reported severe form in 6% of patients and a mortality rate of 2.5%. 23 Therefore, even if organ involvement is a quite frequent condition (5-15% of cases), MODS/MOF should be considered an extremely rare event in R. conorii infection. The evidence of a proliferative thromboangiitis at level of arterioles and capillaries unleashed by R. conorii endotoxin could explain the organ involvement.…”

Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…4,[6][7][8]39 It should be used to detect IgM and IgG separately; IgM titers >1/64 and IgG titers >1/128 are considered positive for R. conorii infection in suspected cases. 23 Multiple organ failure as onset of Mediterranean spotted fever days after symptoms' onset. [23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39] Other techniques, as isolation of bacteria and/or molecular polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to genome identification, which can be performed on blood, skin biopsies and ticks, are not routinely used because of their complexity and costs.…”

Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, in clinical practice, they are reserved only in cases of extremely high clinical suspicion with all the other tests proving negative. 23,[39][40][41] However, in the last decade, the increasing experience in molecular biology techniques has greatly extended the possibility of using real-time PCR to reduce diagnostic delays. 42 Angelakis ii) second analysis was performed to identify Rickettsia species, whenever primary screening proved positive.…”

Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple organ failure as onset of Mediterranean spotted fever: a review based on a case

et al. 2016

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Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) is an infectious disease endemic in the southern regions of Italy, with an incidence of about 400 cases/year. The bacteria responsible of the disease is Rickettsia conorii, transmitted to humans by Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the common dog tick. The infection usually manifests with a characteristic symptomatologic triad: fever, exanthema and the so called tache noire, which is the typical eschar at the site of the tick bite. Immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG enzymelinked immunosorbent assay and the gold standard micro-immunofluorescent assay, allow serological diagnosis. We report the case of a man suffering from MSF, whose atypical presentation and false-negative diagnostic tests delayed consistently diagnosis and therapy. Afterwards we review the literature about this topic. Contributions: PM and AS studied the case, reviewed literature and wrote the paper; AB, TC and GP studied the case; AD'A and CC studied the case and reviewed literature; AC coordinated the study group, reviewed literature and wrote the paper.Conflict of interest: the authors declare no potential conflict of interest.

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Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methods Of Researchmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiple organ failure as onset of Mediterranean spotted fever: a review based on a case

et al. 2016

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“…The disease is transmitted to humans by brown dog ticks R. sanguineus . MSF is widely distributed throughout the Mediterranean basin and the Middle East (Gilot et al, 1990;Raoult et al, 1986). R. sanguineus ticks rarely feed on people unless its preferred host (the domestic dog) is not available.…”

Section: Rickettsia Conorii Conoriimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Rash can be apparent only in half of the patients suffering from the murine typhus disease in contrast with epidemic typhus when patients suffer from purpuric rash over the course of the illness. An extensive multi system disease can develop; fever, cough, headache, diarrhoea, muscle pain, rash, local lymphadenopathy (in some cases) splenomegaly, conjunctivitis and myalgia (disseminated in later stages), affecting the disorders of brain functionality, lymphohistocytic vasculitis of the central nervous system, lung, liver, kidney, heart (endothelia), leading to diffuse alveolar damage and haemorrhage, interstitial pneumonia, pulmonary oedema, interstitial myocarditis and nephritis, portal triaditis, and cutaneous, mucosal, and serosal haemorrhages (Raoult et al, 1986(Raoult et al, , 1998bWalker, 2007;Walker and Ismail, 2008). Nonspecific haematological and biochemical findings include thrombocytopenia, leucocyte count abnormalities and elevated hepatic enzyme levels (Brouqui et al, 2004).…”

Section: Pathologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on Rickettsioses in Slovakia

Sekeyová¹,

Socolovschi²,

Špitalská³

et al. 2013

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Summary. -The reported incidence of vector-borne diseases including various cases of Rickettsioses in humans is increasing due to a combination of climatic and social factors, escalating the opportunities for contact between people and ticks, fleas or lice. Many of the emerging infectious diseases currently challenging human health in Europe are transmitted by ticks which normally feed on domestic or wild animals. Each Rickettsia spp. has one or several tick vectors, and their geographical distribution varies according to geographical conditions; e.g.; altitude or temperature, which is gradually changing due to a global warming. Evidence of Rickettsia spp. particularly of a newly discovered species is a strong indication that a great number of diseases may be caused by so far undetected or unrecognized organisms. Their diagnosis relies mostly on rare "spot like" cooperation of clinicians with scientists, the members of the working groups that are devoted to the scientific studies of the corresponding research areas. The clinical picture of the disease caused by rickettsiae varies significantly from flu like symptoms to severe fatal outcomes, reflecting the various factors, e.g. a variability of virulence of rickettsial species due to cell invasion, dissemination of rickettsiae, genomics, immune response of an infected organism, or a tricky impact of a treatment. Several major reviews on rickettsioses have been previously published, e.g. in 1997(Parola et al., 2005, and in 2011 (Botelho-Nevers and Raoult, 2011). In this work we intend to present a short historical overview and to describe new trends in research studies of rickettsiology. The main focus will be on rickettsioses affecting Europe΄s population.

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Murine Typhus as a Common Cause of Fever of Intermediate Duration

Bernabéu-Wittel¹,

Pachón²,

Alarcón³

et al. 1999

Arch Intern Med

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Background: Fever of intermediate duration (FID), characterized by a febrile syndrome lasting from 7 to 28 days, is a frequent condition in clinical practice, but its epidemiological and etiologic features are not well described. Murine typhus (MT) is a worldwide illness; nevertheless, to our knowledge, no studies describing its epidemiological and clinical characteristics have been performed in the south of Spain. Also, its significance as a cause of FID is unknown.

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Mediterranean Spotted Fever: Clinical, Laboratory and Epidemiological Features of 199 Cases

Cited by 193 publications

References 0 publications

Multiple organ failure as onset of Mediterranean spotted fever: a review based on a case

Multiple organ failure as onset of Mediterranean spotted fever: a review based on a case

Update on Rickettsioses in Slovakia

Murine Typhus as a Common Cause of Fever of Intermediate Duration

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