Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica accumulates sunscreen UV filters

Agawin, Nona S. R.; Sunyer-Caldú, Adrià; Díaz˗Cruz, M. Silvia; Frank-Comas, Aida; García-Márquez, Manuela Gertrudis; Tovar-Sánchez, Antonio

doi:10.1016/j.marpolbul.2022.113417

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This site also showed the higher percentage of organic matter, which may further favours CECs accumulation in the sediment due to the known interaction and affinity of organic pollutants with sediment organic matter (Pignatello, 2012). Benthic organisms may further accumulate CECs, as it has been recently reported for UV filters in belowground tissues of seagrasses (Agawin et al, 2022). Once incorporated, CECs may disrupt metabolic pathways in benthic organisms altering the metabolic balances at different trophic levels, with possible wider consequences in the marine food web and biogeochemical fluxes (Kawahata et al, 2004;Tsui et al, 2015;Miller et al, 2021).…”

Section: Biogeochemistry Of Reunion Lagoonsupporting

confidence: 56%

Contribution of the seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium to the metabolic functioning of a tropical reef lagoon

Olivé

García‐Robledo²,

Silva³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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Seagrasses are gaining attention thanks to their metabolism and potential major role as carbon sinks, with further implications as nature-based solutions against climate change. Despite their recognized importance and the growing number of studies published, there is still a striking paucity of information on seagrass metabolism and contribution to biogeochemical cycles for some seagrass species and ocean areas. In this study we assessed the metabolic balance and nutrient cycling contribution of seagrasses to the benthic compartment of a tropical reef lagoon in Reunion Island, providing original information on a barely studied seagrass species (Syringodium isoetifolium) and a poorly studied ocean region (West Indian Ocean). We measured the net productivity, respiration and the metabolic balance in different components of the lagoon benthic compartment (i.e. seagrass, sediment, and benthic community) and the water-sediment nutrient benthic fluxes at differently impacted sites within the lagoon. The biogeochemical environmental variability, including inorganic and organic indicators of anthropogenic contamination, was also assessed at each site.Large spatial variability was detected in the metabolic balance of each benthic component assessed, also associated with the natural and/or anthropic-driven environmental variability found in the lagoon. The seagrass S. isoetifolium was net autotrophic across the lagoon and contributed to the lagoon benthic metabolism with net plant productivity exceeding by one order of magnitude the plant respiration. The lowest seagrass metabolism was detected at the impacted site. The metabolic balance of the sediment was heterotrophic but the high productivity of S. isoetifolium contributed to reducing the heterotrophy of the whole benthic community. The lagoon-wide benthic metabolic balance was slightly heterotrophic, but the associated uncertainty ranged from autotrophy to heterotrophy. Nutrient concentrations in the lagoon were low and the benthic community capacity for nutrient retention (uptake) and removal (denitrification and anammox) indicated potential for buffering moderate nutrient inputs into the lagoon. Organic contaminants of emerging concern (CECs) were low but detectable in the lagoon, especially in highly frequented beach areas, arising as an environmental quality indicator of interest.

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Section: Biogeochemistry Of Reunion Lagoonsupporting

confidence: 56%

Contribution of the seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium to the metabolic functioning of a tropical reef lagoon

Olivé

García‐Robledo²,

Silva³

et al. 2022

Front. Mar. Sci.

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“…More recently, contamination from sunscreen products has been found to pose a threat to coastal ecosystems, as they enter the marine environment through direct contact with beachgoers. High concentrations of benzophenone-3 (BP3) and 4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-MBC), as well as TiO 2 and ZnO, in the surface microlayer were reported in the southern Mediterranean Sea during summer [26][27][28][29]. It is believed that sunscreen ingredients may cause bleaching on coral reefs; to counter this, Hawaii, the U.S. Virgin Islands, and Palau took precautionary measures in this regard and withdrew the use of preparations containing benzophenone-3 (BP3, oxybenzone) and ethylhexyl methoxycinnamate (EHMC, octinoxate) [30,31].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Survey of UV Filters Used in Sunscreen Cosmetics

Pniewska,

Kalinowska-Lis

2024

Applied Sciences

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The aim of this study was to determine the types of UV filters used in adult and children’s sunscreen products sold in Poland (part of the EU market) and their frequency of use. The INCI compositions of sunscreen products were collected and analyzed for the presence of UV filters. The study included 150 randomly selected preparations for adults (from 71 brands) and 50 for children (from 33 brands). The survey concerned the UV filters listed in Annex VI to Regulation (EC) No 1223/2009 of the European Parliament and Council of 30 November 2009 on cosmetic products. The most frequently used UV filters in the child sunscreens were triazine derivatives: bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (60.0%) and ethylhexyl triazone (52.0%), and ethylhexyl salicylate (46.0%), a derivative of salicylic acid. The most common in adult sunscreens were butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane (56.0%), a dibenzoylmethane derivative, followed by the salicylic acid derivative ethylhexyl salicylate (54.7%) and the triazine derivatives bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine (54.7%) and ethylhexyl triazone (50.0%). Physical filters, including their nano and non-nano forms, were more popular in sunscreens for children, i.e., 50.0% (TiO2) and 22.0% (ZnO), than for adults: 21.3% (TiO2) and 6.7% (ZnO). For both adults and children, many cosmetic products contained four or five UV filters per preparation; however, the child preparations often used two UV filters. To summarize, the following UV filters dominate in photoprotectors for both adults and children: butyl methoxydibenzoylmethane, bis-ethylhexyloxyphenol methoxyphenyl triazine, ethylhexyl triazone, ethylhexyl salicylate, and diethylamino hydroxybenzoyl hexyl benzoate.

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“…Despite their lipophilic nature, they have been detected in all types of water: surface, seawater, wastewater, tap water, and groundwater . UVFs have also been found in solid environmental matrices such sewage sludge, sediments, and biota (fish, marine mammals, birds, and invertebrates). − …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing the Fate of Benzophenone-Type UV Filters and Transformation Products during Soil Aquifer Treatment: The Biofilm Compartment as Bioaccumulator and Biodegrader in Porous Media

Jou-Claus,

Rodríguez-Escales,

Martínez-Landa

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The fate of selected UV filters (UVFs) was investigated in two soil aquifer treatment (SAT) systems, one supplemented with a reactive barrier containing clay and vegetable compost and the other as a traditional SAT reference system. We monitored benzophenone-3 (BP-3) and its transformation products (TPs), including benzophenone-1 (BP-1), 4,4′dihydroxybenzophenone (4DHB), 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4HB), and 2,2′-dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone (DHMB), along with benzophenone-4 (BP-4) and avobenzone (AVO) in all involved compartments (water, aquifer sediments, and biofilm). The reactive barrier, which enhances biochemical activity and biofilm development, improved the removal of all detected UVFs in water samples. Among monitored UVFs, only 4HB, BP-4, and AVO were detected in sediment and biofilm samples. But the overall retained amounts were several orders of magnitude larger than those dissolved. These amounts were quantitatively reproduced with a specifically developed simple analytical model that consists of a mobile compartment and an immobile compartment. Retention and degradation are restricted to the immobile water compartment, where biofilm absorption was simulated with well-known compound-specific K ow values. The fact that the model reproduced observations, including metabolites detected in the biofilm but not in the (mobile) water samples, supports its validity. The results imply that accumulation ensures significant biodegradation even if the degradation rates are very low and suggest that our experimental findings for UVFs and TPs can be extended to other hydrophobic compounds. Biofilms act as accumulators and biodegraders of hydrophobic compounds.

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Mediterranean seagrass Posidonia oceanica accumulates sunscreen UV filters

Cited by 14 publications

References 38 publications

Contribution of the seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium to the metabolic functioning of a tropical reef lagoon

Contribution of the seagrass Syringodium isoetifolium to the metabolic functioning of a tropical reef lagoon

A Survey of UV Filters Used in Sunscreen Cosmetics

Assessing the Fate of Benzophenone-Type UV Filters and Transformation Products during Soil Aquifer Treatment: The Biofilm Compartment as Bioaccumulator and Biodegrader in Porous Media

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