Mediterranean Diet: Lipids, Inflammation, and Malaria Infection

Silva, Adriana Ribeiro; Moraes, Bianca Portugal Tavares de; Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque, Cassiano Felippe

doi:10.3390/ijms21124489

Cited by 20 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 172 publications

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“…Omega 9 is a PPARγ ligand. During sepsis, omega 9 restores PPARγ expression and controls exacerbated inflammation [ 29 , 30 ]. More ligands are presented throughout the text.…”

Section: Pparγ Ligands and Overall Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPAR Gamma: From Definition to Molecular Targets and Therapy of Lung Diseases

Carvalho

Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

Silva

2021

IJMS

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Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are members of the nuclear receptor superfamily that regulate the expression of genes related to lipid and glucose metabolism and inflammation. There are three members: PPARα, PPARβ or PPARγ. PPARγ have several ligands. The natural agonists are omega 9, curcumin, eicosanoids and others. Among the synthetic ligands, we highlight the thiazolidinediones, clinically used as an antidiabetic. Many of these studies involve natural or synthetic products in different pathologies. The mechanisms that regulate PPARγ involve post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, sumoylation and ubiquitination, among others. It is known that anti-inflammatory mechanisms involve the inhibition of other transcription factors, such as nuclear factor kB(NFκB), signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) or activator protein 1 (AP-1), or intracellular signaling proteins such as mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinases. PPARγ transrepresses other transcription factors and consequently inhibits gene expression of inflammatory mediators, known as biomarkers for morbidity and mortality, leading to control of the exacerbated inflammation that occurs, for instance, in lung injury/acute respiratory distress. Many studies have shown the therapeutic potentials of PPARγ on pulmonary diseases. Herein, we describe activities of the PPARγ as a modulator of inflammation, focusing on lung injury and including definition and mechanisms of regulation, biological effects and molecular targets, and its role in lung diseases caused by inflammatory stimuli, bacteria and virus, and molecular-based therapy.

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“…Omega 9 is a PPARγ ligand. During sepsis, omega 9 restores PPARγ expression and controls exacerbated inflammation [ 29 , 30 ]. More ligands are presented throughout the text.…”

Section: Pparγ Ligands and Overall Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

PPAR Gamma: From Definition to Molecular Targets and Therapy of Lung Diseases

Carvalho

Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque

Silva

2021

IJMS

Self Cite

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“…By contrast, ω-6 PUFAs, richer in the Western diet, comprise (conjugated) LA, gammalinolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (ARA) (23). ARA is a precursor to a number of potent pro-inflammatory mediators including well described prostaglandins and leukotrienes (23).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unlike saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids that can be synthesized in the liver, omega-3 (ω-3) and omega-6 (ω-6) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) are considered essential FAs in the human diet derived, respectively, from alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, 18:3 ω-3) and linoleic acid (LA, 18:2 ω-6) ( 23 ). Both of them are routinely used as a part of intravenous nutrition in preterm infants to meet their nutritional needs ( 24 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A previous study showed that ω-3 PUFAs can reduce the secretion of pulmonary inflammatory factors (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) in rats with acute lung injury through suppressing the TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway. By contrast, ω-6 PUFAs, richer in the Western diet, comprise (conjugated) LA, gamma-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (ARA) ( 23 ). ARA is a precursor to a number of potent pro-inflammatory mediators including well described prostaglandins and leukotrienes ( 23 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…By contrast, ω-6 PUFAs, richer in the Western diet, comprise (conjugated) LA, gamma-linolenic acid, and arachidonic acid (ARA) ( 23 ). ARA is a precursor to a number of potent pro-inflammatory mediators including well described prostaglandins and leukotrienes ( 23 ). It is generally believed that ω-3 PUFAs lead to the production of anti-inflammatory eicosanoids, decosanoid neuroprotectins, and resolvins while the longer ω-6 fatty acid ARA tends to the generation of proinflammatory eicosanoids (leukotriene, prostaglandin and thromboxane) ( 27 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Short Term Usage of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in the Neonatal Rat Hippocampal Tissue

et al. 2020

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Objective: To investigate the effect of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFAs) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress in neonatal rat brain. Methods: Ninety-six 3-day-old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control (saline/saline), LPS/ω-3, LPS/ω-6, and LPS/saline ( n = 24/group). All rats, except those in the control group, were intraperitoneally challenged once with LPS (0.6 mg/kg) and were treated with ω-3 PUFAs, ω-6 PUFAs, or saline at 15 mL/kg for 1 or 5 consecutive days beginning on the day of LPS-challenge. Rats in the control group underwent the same procedures and received saline (vehicle). After 1 or 5 days of treatment, 12 rats from each group were sacrificed and their hippocampuses were collected. The expression of inflammation-related genes as well as the levels of oxidative stress markers in hippocampal tissues were determined. Results: After 1 or 5 days of treatment, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 and multiple proinflammatory cytokines were significantly decreased in the LPS/ω-3 group compared with those in the LPS/saline group. The activities of superoxide dismutase and glutathione (GSH) were significantly elevated, whereas amounts of malondialdehyde and oxidized glutathione (GSSG) and the ratio of GSSG/GSH were remarkably lowered in the LPS/ω-3 group compared with those in the LPS/saline group after 1 day of treatment. Opposite effects were observed in the LPS/ω-6 group. Conclusion: ω-3 PUFAs may protect rat brain tissue against LPS-induced inflammatory response and oxidative stress.

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Lifestyle modifications and complementary treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa

Rick

Shih

et al. 2022

Dermatological Reviews

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Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis with recurrent painful nodules and abscesses affecting the intertriginous areas.Patients often experience a significant negative impact on quality of life from associated pain, discharge, odor, scarring, and social stigma. Even with complex medical regimens, patients may report inadequate disease control. Lifestyle changes and complementary and alternative medicines (CAM) are used by a majority of HS patients. Conventional medicines and lifestyle and CAM modalities strategically incorporated together can increase treatment satisfaction and success.Objective: We aim to highlight lifestyle and CAM treatment modalities to use alongside conventional treatment plans for HS patients. Findings: Lifestyle modifications for HS patients include weight loss, reducing skin friction, smoking cessation, and stress reduction. Dietary modifications for HS patients include limiting foods containing dairy, Brewer's yeast, and simple carbohydrates, appropriate caloric reduction, and consuming foods in the Mediterranean diet. The CAM modalities studied in HS are vitamin D, niacinamide, vitamin B12, zinc, and magnesium. Potential CAM modalities for HS include probiotics, cannabinoids, turmeric, bathing regimens, and acupuncture. Conclusion: This review is a guide for clinicians to provide evidence-based care for HS patients seeking non-pharmacologic treatment modalities such as weight loss, clothing choices, dietary changes, and use of supplements and complementary medicine. Lifestyle and CAM modalities may be used in parallel with conventional medicines to synergistically improve patient disease outcomes.

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Mediterranean Diet: Lipids, Inflammation, and Malaria Infection

Cited by 20 publications

References 172 publications

PPAR Gamma: From Definition to Molecular Targets and Therapy of Lung Diseases

PPAR Gamma: From Definition to Molecular Targets and Therapy of Lung Diseases

Short Term Usage of Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Ameliorate Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Inflammatory Response and Oxidative Stress in the Neonatal Rat Hippocampal Tissue

Lifestyle modifications and complementary treatments for hidradenitis suppurativa

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