Mediterranean diet, diet quality, and bone mineral content in adolescents: the HELENA study

Azcona, Cristina; Huybrechts, Inge; Gracia‐Marco, Luis; González-Gil, Esther M.; Gutiérrez, Ángel; González‐Gross, Marcela; Marcos, Ascensión; Widhalm, Kurt; Kafatos, Anthony; Vicente-Rodríguez, Germán; Moreno, Luís A.

doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4427-7

Cited by 13 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…Various studies investigated the effect of Mediterranean diet on bone health and reported a positive association [ 50 , 51 , 52 ] or no association [ 53 , 54 ]. A traditional Mediterranean diet is characterized by low intake of meat and meat products, moderate intake of dairy products, and high amounts of fruits and vegetables (rich in antioxidants and polyphenols), fish, and cereals in unprocessed form [ 55 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (dAGEs) Intake and Bone Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Rotterdam Study

et al. 2020

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Animal studies suggest a role for dietary advanced glycation end-products (dAGEs) in bone health, but human studies on dAGEs in relation to bone are lacking. We aimed to study whether dAGEs intake is associated with the parameters of bone strength namely, bone mineral density (BMD), prevalent vertebral (VFs), and major osteoporotic fractures (MOFs = hip, wrist, proximal humerus, and clinical VFs). 3949 participants (mean age 66.7 ± 10.5 years) were included from a Rotterdam study for whom Carboxymethyllysine (CML—a dietary AGE) was estimated from food frequency questionnaires combined with dAGEs databases. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models were performed adjusting for age, sex, energy intake, dietary quality, physical activity, diabetes, smoking, renal function, and cohort effect and for models on fractures, subsequently for BMD. We observed no association of CML with BMD at both femoral neck (β = −0.006; p = 0.70) and lumbar spine (β = −0.013; p = 0.38). A higher intake of CML was linearly associated with VFs (Odds ratio, OR = 1.16, 95% CI (1.02–1.32) and a similar but non-significant trend with MOFs (OR = 1.12 (0.98–1.27). Additional adjustment for BMD did not change the associations. Our results imply a positive association between dietary intake of CML and VFs independent of BMD. Future studies are needed in order to elucidate whether associations found are causal.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (dAGEs) Intake and Bone Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Rotterdam Study

et al. 2020

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“…The HELENA study failed to show, in Spanish adolescents, the association between Mediterranean diet and BMC ( 59 ) as well as a study of Monjardino et al ( 60 ), which found no association between forearm BMD and different dietary patterns. The work of Shin et al observed that adolescents in the highest tertile with a dietary pattern rich in cereal and milk score significantly a reduced chance of having low BMD than do those in the lowest tertile ( 61 ).…”

Section: Dietary Compositionmentioning

confidence: 91%

The Impact of Diet and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Children and Adolescents

et al. 2021

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There is growing recognition of the role of diet and physical activity in modulating bone mineral density, bone mineral content, and remodeling, which in turn can impact bone health later in life. Adequate nutrient composition could influence bone health and help to maximize peak bone mass. Therefore, children’s nutrition may have lifelong consequences. Also, physical activity, adequate in volume or intensity, may have positive consequences on bone mineral content and density and may preserve bone loss in adulthood. Most of the literature that exists for children, about diet and physical activity on bone health, has been translated from studies conducted in adults. Thus, there are still many unanswered questions about what type of diet and physical activity may positively influence skeletal development. This review focuses on bone requirements in terms of nutrients and physical activity in childhood and adolescence to promote bone health. It explores the contemporary scientific literature that analyzes the impact of diet together with the typology and timing of physical activity that could be more appropriate depending on whether they are children and adolescents to assure an optimal skeleton formation. A description of the role of parathyroid hormone (PTH) and gut hormones (gastric inhibitory peptide (GIP), glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1, and GLP-2) as potential candidates in this interaction to promote bone health is also presented.

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“…We observed no association between MDP and bone-related markers in our population of overweight and obese children, which concur with previous studies. Julian et al [ 29 ] and Monjardino et al [ 48 ] observed no association of the MDP assessed by means of two 24-hour recall and the KIDMED with and BMC and aBMD in adolescents. Of note is that in the Monjardino et al [ 48 ] study, they excluded those items from the KIDMED that had no relation with the Mediterranean diet, as we did it in the current study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it also provides molecules with anti-inflammatory properties and bioactive molecules with antioxidant effects, which contribute to bone development [ 25 , 26 ]. The MPD has shown great benefits in the treatment and prevention of multiple noncommunicable diseases such as obesity and diabetes [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ], but only a few studies have examined its association with bone health in young population [ 28 , 29 ], obtaining nonsignificant findings. By contrast, a positive effect of the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern on BMD has been observed in adult population [ 30 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Content and Density in Overweight and Obese Children with Low Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern

et al. 2018

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The objective of the present cross-sectional study was to examine the associations of physical activity and the adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern (MDP) with bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) in children with overweight and obesity. A total of 177 (n = 80 girls) children with overweight and obesity aged 8 to 12 years old participated in the study. Both BMC and BMD were assessed by Dual-Energy X-ray absorptiometry. Dietary patterns were assessed by the KIDMED questionnaire and two 24-hour recalls. Physical activity was assessed by accelerometers for 7 consecutive days (24 hours/day). Low adherence to the MDP was observed in 82.4% of participants. Higher physical activity levels (of at least moderate intensity) and lower sedentary time were significantly associated with BMC and BMD in children with low adherence to the MDP (all p < 0.05). No associations were observed between physical activity and BMC and BMD in children with high adherence to the MDP. In conclusion, engaging in moderate to vigorous physical activity and reducing the time spent in sedentary behavior might be particularly beneficial for improving bone health in overweight or obese children with poor adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern.

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Mediterranean diet, diet quality, and bone mineral content in adolescents: the HELENA study

Abstract: An overall dietary score or index is not associated with BMC in our adolescent Spanish sample.

Cited by 13 publications

References 39 publications

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (dAGEs) Intake and Bone Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Rotterdam Study

Dietary Advanced Glycation End-Products (dAGEs) Intake and Bone Health: A Cross-Sectional Analysis in the Rotterdam Study

The Impact of Diet and Physical Activity on Bone Health in Children and Adolescents

Influence of Physical Activity on Bone Mineral Content and Density in Overweight and Obese Children with Low Adherence to the Mediterranean Dietary Pattern

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