Mediterranean Diet and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Scarmeas, Nikolaos; Stern, Yaakov; Mayeux, Richard; Manly, Jennifer J.; Schupf, Nicole; Luchsinger, José A.

doi:10.1001/archneurol.2008.536

Cited by 549 publications

(475 citation statements)

References 95 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…Parallel with these studies, there is accruing evidence about the benefits in cognition of lifestyle-related habits such as physical and cognitive and social activities (Hamer and Chida 2009; Kareholt et al 2011;Morgan et al 2012;Niti et al 2008;Sattler et al 2012) and nutrition in terms of nutrients and foods with conflicting results (Coley et al 2008). Regarding dietary patterns as a whole, a protective effect of MedDiet on cognitive function (Kesse-Guyot et al 2013), cognitive decline (Tsivgoulis et al 2013;Tangney et al 2011;Feart et al 2009;Scarmeas et al 2006) and development of mild cognitive impairment (Scarmeas et al 2009b;Roberts et al 2010) and dementia (Roberts et al 2010;Gu et al 2010;Scarmeas et al 2006Scarmeas et al , 2009a has been found in several observational studies but not in other cohort studies (Psaltopoulou et al 2008; Samieri et al Table 4 Multivariable-adjusted means and differences (95 % CI) for the association between each of the SNPs and cognitive assessment (Clock Drawing Test) according to intervention status Overall CLU (rs11136000) CLU ( (Martinez-Lapiscina et al 2013a, b). This is important since some observational studies may not find a protective association between the MedDiet and cognitive function because their MedDiet-like dietary pattern did not truly represent the traditional MedDiet due to sociocultural factors (Cherbuin and Anstey 2012).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype patterns at CLU, CR1, PICALM and APOE, cognition and Mediterranean diet: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial

et al. 2014

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The traditional Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has shown beneficial effects on cognitive decline. Nevertheless, diet-gene interactions have been poorly evaluated. We aimed to investigate diet-gene interaction in the PREDIMED-NAVARRA randomized trial. A total of 522 participants (67 ± 6 years at baseline) enrolled in the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial were randomly allocated to one of three diets: two MedDiets (supplemented with either extra-virgin olive oil or nuts) or a low-fat diet. They were evaluated with the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) after 6.5 years of intervention. Subjects were genotyped for CR1-rs3818361, CLU-rs11136000, PICALM-rs3851179 and Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) genes. We studied MedDietgene interactions for cognition and assessed the effect of the MedDiet on cognition across different genetic profiles. A significant interaction (p = 0.041) between CLUrs11136000 and the MedDiet intervention on the MMSE was found with a beneficial effect of MedDiet among carriers of the T minor allele (B = 0.97, 95 % CI 0.45-1.49). Similar effect was observed for CR1-rs3818361, but no significant interaction was observed (p = 0.335). For PICALM-rs3851179, the MedDiet intervention showed a beneficial effect in both genotype groups. No apparent interaction was found for the CDT between intervention and gene variants. Similarly, participants randomly allocated to MedDiet groups, with favorable 123Genes Nutr (2014) 9:393 DOI 10.1007/s12263-014-0393-7 profiles of CR1, CLU and PICALM genes, significantly improved CDT scores compared to controls with the same genetic profile. Cognitive performance was better for nonApoE4 and for ApoE4 carriers of MedDiet groups compared to controls, but for CDT performance, we only found statistical significant differences for non-ApoE4 carriers. A MedDiet intervention modulates the effect of genetic factors on cognition. The effect of MedDiet might be greater for subjects with a more favorable genetic profile.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genotype patterns at CLU, CR1, PICALM and APOE, cognition and Mediterranean diet: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial

et al. 2014

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“…This dietary pattern has also been associated with lower risk of cerebrovascular disease (6) and working memory (7). Mediterranean diets are also associated with lower rates of dementia (8,9), and other neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease (AD) (10) and Parkinson's disease (11). Basic research suggests that naturally occurring phytocompounds, such as polyphenolic antioxidants found in fruits, vegetables, herbs and nuts, may potentially inhibit or slow down neurodegeneration, and improve cognitive function (12).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cross sectional study of the association between walnut consumption and cognitive function among adult us populations represented in NHANES

Arab

Ang

2015

The Journal of nutrition, health and aging

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Abstract:Objective: To examine the association between walnut consumption and measures of cognitive function in the US population. Design: Nationally representative cross sectional study using 24 hour dietary recalls of intakes to assess walnut and other nut consumption as compared to the group reporting no nut consumption. Setting: 1988Setting: -1994Setting: and 1999Setting: -2002 SDLT scores were also significantly lower by 2.38s (P=0.05). Similar results were obtained when tertiles of walnut consumption were examined in trend analyses. Significantly better outcomes were noted in all cognitive test scores among those with higher walnut consumption (P < 0.01). Among adults 60 years and older, walnut consumers averaged 13.1 g/d, scored 7.1 percentile points higher, P=0.03 on the SRT and 7.3 percentile points higher on the DSST, P=0.05. Here also trend analyses indicate significant improvements in all cognitive test scores (P < 0.01) except for SRTT (P = 0.06) in the fully adjusted models. Conclusion: These significant, positive associations between walnut consumption and cognitive functions among all adults, regardless of age, gender or ethnicity suggest that daily walnut intake may be a simple beneficial dietary behavior.

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“…In terms of epidemiological evidence, a prospective cohort study has reported a risk ratio of 0?49 for dementia between the highest and lowest tertiles of flavonoid intake (6) ; and another study indicated a protective relationship between flavonoid intake and risk of dementia only among smokers (7) . More recent studies on the Mediterranean diet -a diet typically rich in flavonoids from fruits and vegetables and wine -have associated adherence to this diet with lower risk of developing Alzheimer's and mild cognitive impairment, and conversion of such impairment to Alzheimer's (8)(9)(10) . Moreover, regular consumption of flavonoid-rich foods such as tea and wine has been associated with better performance on cognitive tests and decreased risk of cognitive decline in elderly populations in Asia and Europe (11,12) .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Flavonoid intake and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer’s and related dementias: a population-based study involving twenty-three developed countries

Beking

Vieira

2010

Public Health Nutr.

105

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Objective: Dietary flavonoids and their metabolites may have neuroprotective effects against age-associated neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's and related dementias (dementia). There is a lack of population studies, however, on correlations between flavonoid intake and dementia. The main objective of the present study was to analyse such a relationship at a large-scale population level. Design: Based on global data (FAO, WHO), databases were generated for: (i) flavonoid content of foods; (ii) per capita national dietary intakes of flavonoids and other dietary factors; and (iii) disability-adjusted life years -a measure of burden and death -due to dementia. Five major flavonoid subclasses were examined. To minimize influences due to accuracy and reliability of the disease source data, twenty-three developed countries were selected after statistical evaluation. Results: Flavonols and combined flavonoids (all five combined) intakes were the only two parameters with significant (P , 0?05) negative dementia correlations. Multiple linear regression models confirmed this relationship, and excluded confounding from some other dietary and non-dietary factors. Similar analyses with non-dementia, neurological/psychiatric diseases did not yield significant correlations. Conclusions: At a global level, and in the context of different genetic backgrounds, our results suggest that higher consumption of dietary flavonoids, especially flavonols, is associated with lower population rates of dementia in these countries.

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Mediterranean Diet and Mild Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 549 publications

References 95 publications

Genotype patterns at CLU, CR1, PICALM and APOE, cognition and Mediterranean diet: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial

Genotype patterns at CLU, CR1, PICALM and APOE, cognition and Mediterranean diet: the PREDIMED-NAVARRA trial

A cross sectional study of the association between walnut consumption and cognitive function among adult us populations represented in NHANES

Flavonoid intake and disability-adjusted life years due to Alzheimer’s and related dementias: a population-based study involving twenty-three developed countries

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