Medipix 3 and Timepix 2 Chip and Applications

Plackett, R.; Ballabriga, R.; Campbell, M.; Llopart, X.; Tick, T.; Tlustos, L.; Tureček, D.; Vähänen, Sami; Wong, Wing Ki

doi:10.22323/1.113.0030

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(23 reference statements)

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“…In silicon $3.6 eV is required to produce one electron-hole pair; therefore, a 200 keV electron can produce $55 000 pairs. This means that the dynamic range of the electronic noise accounts for less than 1.6% of the total deposited energy per electron incident and even less when there is more than one electron incident per clock cycle (McMullan et al, 2007;Plackett et al, 2010).…”

Section: Measuring Electrons Using a Medipix2 Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Medipix quantum area detector allows rotation electron diffraction data collection from submicrometre three-dimensional protein crystals

Nederlof

Genderen

et al. 2013

Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr

174

183

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When protein crystals are submicrometre-sized, X-ray radiation damage precludes conventional diffraction data collection. For crystals that are of the order of 100 nm in size, at best only single-shot diffraction patterns can be collected and rotation data collection has not been possible, irrespective of the diffraction technique used. Here, it is shown that at a very low electron dose (at most 0.1 e À Å À2 ), a Medipix2 quantum area detector is sufficiently sensitive to allow the collection of a 30-frame rotation series of 200 keV electrondiffraction data from a single $100 nm thick protein crystal. A highly parallel 200 keV electron beam ( = 0.025 Å ) allowed observation of the curvature of the Ewald sphere at low resolution, indicating a combined mosaic spread/beam divergence of at most 0.4 . This result shows that volumes of crystal with low mosaicity can be pinpointed in electron diffraction. It is also shown that strategies and data-analysis software (MOSFLM and SCALA) from X-ray protein crystallography can be used in principle for analysing electron-diffraction data from three-dimensional nanocrystals of proteins.

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Section: Measuring Electrons Using a Medipix2 Detectormentioning

confidence: 99%

A Medipix quantum area detector allows rotation electron diffraction data collection from submicrometre three-dimensional protein crystals

Nederlof

Genderen

et al. 2013

Acta Crystallogr D Biol Crystallogr

174

183

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“…MPGDs can be obtained with pixelated silicon chips. Examples of pixel-based readouts include the FE-I4b ATLAS chips [260], QPIX [261] and Medipix [262] pixel chip families, which provide spatial granularity as fine as 50 µm. Rapid digitization of the readout plane provides spatial information along the drift direction.…”

Section: Pixel Chips Even Finer Spatial Resolution Thanmentioning

confidence: 99%

CYGNUS: Feasibility of a nuclear recoil observatory with directional sensitivity to dark matter and neutrinos

Vahsen¹,

O’Hare²,

Lynch³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Now that conventional weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter searches are approaching the neutrino floor, there has been a resurgence of interest in detectors with sensitivity to nuclear recoil directions. A large-scale directional detector is attractive in that it would have sensitivity below the neutrino floor, be capable of unambiguously establishing the galactic origin of a purported dark matter signal, and could serve a dual purpose as a neutrino observatory. We present the first detailed analysis of a 1000 m 3 -scale detector capable of measuring a directional nuclear recoil signal at low energies. We propose a modular and multi-site observatory consisting of time projection chambers (TPCs) filled with helium and SF6 at atmospheric pressure. By comparing several available readout technologies, we identify high-resolution strip readout TPCs as the optimal tradeoff between performance and cost. We estimate that suitable angular resolution and head-tail recognition is achievable down to helium recoil energies of ∼6 keVr. Depending on the readout technology, an average of only 4-5 detected 100-GeV c −2 WIMP-fluorine recoils above 50 keVr are sufficient to rule out an isotropic recoil distribution at 90% CL. An average of 10-20 helium recoils above 6 keVr or only 3-4 helium recoils above 20 keVr would suffice to distinguish a 10 GeV c −2 WIMP signal from the solar neutrino background. High-resolution TPC charge readout also enables powerful electron background rejection capabilities well below 10 keV. We detail background and site requirements at the 1000 m 3 -scale, and identify materials that require improved radiopurity. The final experiment, which we name Cygnus-1000, will be able to observe ∼ 10-40 neutrinos from the Sun, depending on the final energy threshold. With the same exposure, the sensitivity to spin independent cross sections will extend into presently unexplored sub-10 GeV c −2 parameter space. For spin dependent interactions, already a 10 m 3 -scale experiment could compete with upcoming generation-two detectors, but Cygnus-1000 would improve upon this considerably. Larger volumes would bring sensitivity to neutrinos from an even wider range of sources, including galactic supernovae, nuclear reactors, and geological processes.

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“…Data collection began shortly after launch, and data collection ceased on the 4th July 2017. The detectors used in LUCID are based on the Timepix ASIC detector (Llopart et al, 2007;Plackett et al, 2010), part of the second generation of Medipix (Medipix2, Llopart et al, 2002Llopart et al, , 2007Ballabriga et al, 2011). The payload has five Timepix radiation detectors in a cube-like configuration and has been of significant interest to the community investigating the use of Medipix detectors in Space (Pinsky et al, 2016).…”

Section: Appendix: Lucid and Techdemosat-1mentioning

confidence: 99%