Medico-Demographic Indicators and Formation of Labor Potential in the Russian Arctic (In the Context of Murmansk Region)

The study dealt with the data on 1 097 cases of occupational diseases that were first identified in 702 employees of the copper-nickel industry in Murmansk region in the period from 1970 to 2010. It has been established that in the structure of occupational diseases of workers engaged in all kinds of nickel and copper production, chronic bronchopulmonary diseases dominated. It was important that the nosological spectrum of respiratory pathology was largely determined by the nature of production. In contrast, the pathology of the musculoskeletal and nervous systems including the vibration disease occupied the leading segment in the structure of the occupational pathology of the copper-nickel ores miners. It has been concluded that in order to reduce the risk of occupational disabilities, it was necessary to decrease the degree of exposure to nickel aerosols (in nickel and copper metallurgical workers) and harmful physical factors (in copper and nickel ore miners).

unclassified

Occupational Pathology of Workers Employed in Different Productions of Copper-Nickel Industry in Far North

Syurin

Gushchin

Nikanov

2012

Trends of the health and demographic indicators in the arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) over 20 year (2000–2020)

Бурцева

2022

Introduction: Characteristic features of the Russian Federation affecting availability of the medical aid require further detailed study and seek ways to improve the system of medical assistance. Objective: The data of the Territorial Center of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), the Yakut Republican Information and Analytical Center for 2000-2020 were used for the analysis. The average values of indicators for 10-year periods with boundaries of 95% confidence interval are calculated. Methods: For the analysis, information from the Territorial Center of the Federal State Statistics Service for the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) and Yakut Republican Medical Information and Analytical Center for the period of 2000-2020 was used. The average values of the indicators for 10-year periods were calculated with the boundaries of the 95% confidence interval. Results: Population size of the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) has decreased by 22% for the period of 2000-2020, which was associated both with the migration of the population and high mortality rate indices. 20% of mortality rate is associated with the external causes in the structure of total mortality. The cases of infant mortality decreases dynamically. Provision and equipment of the medical institutions is still insufficient. The indices of the out-patient department capacity are high enough, though they are associated with remoteness of the populated areas from each other and the region centers and they do not promote availability of the medical care. Conclusion: The system of organization of public health protection in the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation requires improvement. The Arctic territories of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), which have all the features of the healthcare systems of territories with low population density, can act as a model for testing regional and federal projects on Arctic medicine.

Gender and age-specific patterns of ambulance calls in Khanty-Mansiysk depending on the epidemiological situation

Ragozin,

Gudkov,

Shalamova

et al. 2024

BACKGROUND: Calls for an "Ambulance" is an objective indicator of the disruption of adaptation and health disorders in the uncomfortable conditions of the northern region, especially when the epidemiological situation changes, which determined the relevance of this. AIM: according to the data of a long-term monitoring, to evaluate the gender and age characteristics of calls for an Ambulance service of the population of the northern region in periods with different epidemiological conditions. METHODS: Information about calls was selected from the database from 2015 to 2021 on average per day and stratified by gender and age. Statistical processing was carried out using wavelet analysis. RESULTS: When assessing gender differences during a pandemic, the coefficient reflecting the ratio of the number of calls to women/men decreases due to an increase in the number of men. The structure of calls by age is characterized by the presence of two risk groups - early childhood and the second mature age. During the pandemic, the structure of calls does not undergo qualitative changes. Several scenarios of desynchronosis induced by the COVID-19 pandemic have been identified. Newborns: Disorganization of a constant rhythm during a pandemic. In infants, changes in the epidemiological situation do not affect constant rhythms. The change of the constant circadian rhythm to long-term and intercalary intra-annual rhythms is observed in the groups of early, first, second childhood and youth. In adolescents and in sample 1 of adulthood, the pandemic acts as a synchronizer. In older age groups, the circadian rhythm is maintained throughout the entire period; the time of the pandemic is characterized by joining rhythms with a shorter period. CONCLUSION: The structure of calls by age groups is characterized by the presence of two risk groups – early childhood and 2nd mature age. During the pandemic, the structure of calls does not undergo qualitative changes. The presence of COVID-19 is a desynchronizing factor in the temporal structure of health disorders, which destroys long-term and near-annual rhythms and induces the intercalary intra-annual rhythms.