Medicinal plants in the fight against leishmaniasis

Iwu, Maurice M.; Jackson, Joan E.; Schuster, Brian G.

doi:10.1016/0169-4758(94)90398-0

Cited by 107 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Several natural compounds has been investigated in various laboratories. Many of them have shown significant antileishmanial activity (Phillipson et al, 1991a, b ;Iwu et al, 1994). These compounds belong the following groups: alkaloids, terpenes, quinones, lactones, couParasite, 1999, 6, 3-8 Mise au point 3…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the fight against leishmaniasis with natural products

et al. 1999

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Summary :The active compounds obtained from some medicinal plants used traditionally worldwide for the treatment of leishmaniasis are reviewed. Among these active molecules described in recent literature are quinoline alkaloids such as alkyl-2 quinoline and aryl-2 quinoline from Galipea longiflora, isoquinoline alkaloids such as isoguattouregidine from Guatteria foliosa, indole alkaloids such as conodurine and gabunine from Pescheiera van heurkii, terpenes such as jatrogrossidione from Jatropha grossidentata, acetogenins such as senegalene from Annona senegalensis and lignans such as (+)nyasol from Asparagus africanus. Other natural compounds with antileishmanial activity are coumarins, chalcones, lactones, tetralones and saponins. Some of them are known antiprotozoal natural products. These compounds could be used as templates to discover new and effective drugs against leishmaniasis.KEY WORDS : antileishmanial, leishmaniasis, natural products, alkaloids, terpenes, quinones, coumarins, chalcones, acetogenins, lactone, lignan. Résumé : DONNÉES RÉCENTES SUR LES COMPOSÉS ACTIFS DE PLANTES MÉDICINALES UTILISÉES DANS LE TRAITEMENT DE LA LEISHMANIOSE

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent advances in the fight against leishmaniasis with natural products

et al. 1999

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“…The second line of drugs, amphotericin B and pentamidines although used clinically, are very toxic. 21 Therefore, improved drug therapy is still desirable and the need for newer intervention strategies is clear and justified. In search for such strategies, protein kinases of Leishmania offer the most attractive targets.…”

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Apoptosis is induced in leishmanial cells by a novel protein kinase inhibitor withaferin A and is facilitated by apoptotic topoisomerase I–DNA complex

et al. 2006

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Protein kinase C (PKC) is an important constituent of the signaling pathways involved in apoptosis. We report here that like staurosporine, withaferin A is a potent inhibitor of PKC. In Leishmania donovani, the inhibition of PKC by withaferin A causes depolarization of DW m and generates ROS inside cells. Loss of DW m leads to the release of cytochrome c into the cytosol and subsequently activates caspase-like proteases and oligonucleosomal DNA cleavage. Moreover, in treated cells, oxidative DNA lesions facilitate the stabilization of topoisomerase I-mediated cleavable complexes, which also contribute to DNA fragmentation. However, withaferin A and staurosporine cannot induce cleavable complex formation in vitro with recombinant topoisomerase I nor with nuclear extracts from control cells. Taken together, our results indicate that inhibition of PKC by withaferin A is a central event for the induction of apoptosis and that the stabilization of topoisomerase I-DNA complex is necessary to amplify apoptotic process.

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“…In addition, leishmaniasis, like most of the protozoan diseases, is largely a problem of developing countries and therefore offers little commercial incentives for pharmaceutical companies to develop cheap and effective antileishmanial drugs. 4 The development of a compound used for the topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is an attractive option for overcoming the problems of antimonials. One line of research has focused on paromomycin (PR) ointment in different combinations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They are widely used despite their toxicity, difficulty of administration, high cost, and the promising good clinical response showed by some other chemotherapeutic agents. [1][2][3][4][5] The development of new drugs for the treatment of leishmaniasis has been impeded by the lack of a simple and rapid drug evaluation system, applicable to the various Leishmania species infecting humans. In addition, leishmaniasis, like most of the protozoan diseases, is largely a problem of developing countries and therefore offers little commercial incentives for pharmaceutical companies to develop cheap and effective antileishmanial drugs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin plus methylbenzethonium chloride ointment in Guatemala.

Arana¹,

Mendoza²,

Rizzo³

et al. 2001

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

114

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Abstract. A double-blind, randomized trial was undertaken in Guatemala to determine the therapeutic efficacy of an ointment for the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis that contained 15% paromomycin and 12% methylbenzethonium chloride and that was applied twice a day for 20 days. The treatment group included 35 patients, and the placebo group included 33 patients. The initial clinical response rate (13 weeks after completing the treatment) was 91.4% in the treatment group and 39.4% in the placebo group. The final clinical response rate at the 12-month followup examination was 85.7% (31 of 35) in the treatment group and 39.4% (13 of 33) in the placebo group (P Յ 0.001). In general, the treatment was well tolerated and was never interrupted because of adverse effects. The number of adverse effects reported in the placebo group was lower than in the treatment group (16 events versus 30 events). All adverse effects reported by patients disappeared within 1 week of completing the treatment. Our findings show that the combination of paromomycin with methylbenzethonium chloride for 20 days is a good alternative for antimonial treatments of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Guatemala.

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Medicinal plants in the fight against leishmaniasis

Cited by 107 publications

References 25 publications

Recent advances in the fight against leishmaniasis with natural products

Recent advances in the fight against leishmaniasis with natural products

Apoptosis is induced in leishmanial cells by a novel protein kinase inhibitor withaferin A and is facilitated by apoptotic topoisomerase I–DNA complex

Randomized, controlled, double-blind trial of topical treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with paromomycin plus methylbenzethonium chloride ointment in Guatemala.

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