Medicinal plants for epileptic seizures: Phytoconstituents, pharmacology and mechanisms revisited

He, Xirui; Chen, Xufei; Yang, Yan; Xie, Yulu; Liu, Yujie

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2023.117386

Cited by 4 publications

References 135 publications

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Tandem mass tag‐based proteomics reveals the antiepileptic mechanism of steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides in Kainic acid induced epileptic rat model

Zhang,

Guan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Biomedical Chromatography

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Epilepsy (EP) is one of the most common neurological diseases in the world. Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge. (AA), as a typical heat‐cleaning medicine, has been proven to possess the antiepileptic effect in clinical and experimental studies. Anemarrhena asphodeloides steroidal saponins (AAS) are main components. However, the therapeutic effects and underlying mechanisms of AAS against EP are not been fully elucidated. In this study, 63 steroidal saponins were discovered in AAS by UPLC‐Q‐TOF/MS analysis. Pharmacological and behavioral analysis demonstrated that AAS could significantly lower the Racine classification and reduce the frequency of generalized spike rhythm the rate of tetanic seizures in kainic acid–induced epileptic rats. Hematoxylin and eosin and Nissl staining‐indicated AAS could significantly improve hippocampal injury and neuron loss in epileptic rats. TMT proteomic analysis discovered 26 different expressed proteins (DEPs), which were identified as the rescue proteins. After bioinformatic analysis, Heat Shock Protein 90 Alpha Family Class B Member 1 (Hsp90ab1) and Tyrosine 3‐Monooxygenase (Ywhab) were screened as key DEPs and verified by western blotting. AAS could significantly inhibited the up‐regulation of Hsp90ab1 and Ywhab in EP rats; these two proteins might be the key targets of AAS in treating EP.

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Tandem mass tag‐based proteomics reveals the antiepileptic mechanism of steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides in Kainic acid induced epileptic rat model

Zhang,

Guan,

Wang

et al. 2024

Biomedical Chromatography

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The role of gastrodin in the management of CNS‐related diseases: Underlying mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives

He,

Chen,

Yang

et al. 2024

Phytotherapy Research

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Central nervous system (CNS)‐related diseases have a high mortality rate, are a serious threat to physical and mental health, and have always been an important area of research. Gastrodin, the main active metabolite of Gastrodia elata Blume, used in Chinese medicine and food, has a wide range of pharmacological effects, mostly related to CNS disorders. This review aims to systematically summarize and discuss the effects and underlying mechanisms of gastrodin in the treatment of CNS diseases, and to assess its potential for further development as a lead drug in both biomedicine and traditional Chinese medicine. Studies on the pharmacological effects of gastrodin on the CNS indicate that it may exert anti‐neurodegenerative, cerebrovascular protective, and ameliorative effects on diabetic encephalopathy, perioperative neurocognitive dysfunction, epilepsy, Tourette's syndrome, depression and anxiety, and sleep disorders through various mechanisms. To date, 110 gastrodin products have been approved for clinical use, but further multicenter clinical case–control studies are relatively scarce. Preclinical studies have confirmed that gastrodin can be used to treat CNS‐related disorders. However, important concerns need to be addressed in the context of likely non‐specific, assay interfering effects when gastrodin is studied using in vitro and in silico approaches, calling for a systematic assessment of the evidence to date. High‐quality clinical trials should have priority to evaluate the therapeutic safety and clinical efficacy of gastrodin. Further experimental research using appropriate in vivo models is also needed, focusing on neurodegenerative diseases, cerebral ischemic and hypoxic diseases, brain damage caused by methamphetamine or heavy metals, and epilepsy.

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Phytotherapeutic options for the treatment of epilepsy: pharmacology, targets, and mechanism of action

Waris,

Ullah,

Asim

et al. 2024

Front. Pharmacol.

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Epilepsy is one of the most common, severe, chronic, potentially life-shortening neurological disorders, characterized by a persisting predisposition to generate seizures. It affects more than 60 million individuals globally, which is one of the major burdens in seizure-related mortality, comorbidities, disabilities, and cost. Different treatment options have been used for the management of epilepsy. More than 30 drugs have been approved by the US FDA against epilepsy. However, one-quarter of epileptic individuals still show resistance to the current medications. About 90% of individuals in low and middle-income countries do not have access to the current medication. In these countries, plant extracts have been used to treat various diseases, including epilepsy. These medicinal plants have high therapeutic value and contain valuable phytochemicals with diverse biomedical applications. Epilepsy is a multifactorial disease, and therefore, multitarget approaches such as plant extracts or extracted phytochemicals are needed, which can target multiple pathways. Numerous plant extracts and phytochemicals have been shown to treat epilepsy in various animal models by targeting various receptors, enzymes, and metabolic pathways. These extracts and phytochemicals could be used for the treatment of epilepsy in humans in the future; however, further research is needed to study the exact mechanism of action, toxicity, and dosage to reduce their side effects. In this narrative review, we comprehensively summarized the extracts of various plant species and purified phytochemicals isolated from plants, their targets and mechanism of action, and dosage used in various animal models against epilepsy.

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Medicinal plants for epileptic seizures: Phytoconstituents, pharmacology and mechanisms revisited

Cited by 4 publications

References 135 publications

Tandem mass tag‐based proteomics reveals the antiepileptic mechanism of steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides in Kainic acid induced epileptic rat model

Tandem mass tag‐based proteomics reveals the antiepileptic mechanism of steroidal saponins from Anemarrhena asphodeloides in Kainic acid induced epileptic rat model

The role of gastrodin in the management of CNS‐related diseases: Underlying mechanisms to therapeutic perspectives

Phytotherapeutic options for the treatment of epilepsy: pharmacology, targets, and mechanism of action

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