Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension

Jasemi, Seyed Vahid; Khazaei, Hosna; Aneva, Ina; Farzaei, Mohammad Hosein; Echeverría, Javier

doi:10.3389/fphar.2020.00145

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 157 publications

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“…Several studies have reported that medicinal plants, nutraceuticals, and phytochemicals exert significant benefits for PAH [15]. These natural compounds have anti-inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti-vascular remodeling properties [16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Allicin Associated with Fibrosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Sánchez-Gloria

Martínez-Olivares

Rojas-Morales

et al. 2021

IJMS

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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is characterized by pulmonary vascular remodeling. Recent evidence supports that inflammation plays a key role in triggering and maintaining pulmonary vascular remodeling. Recent studies have shown that garlic extract has protective effects in PAH, but the precise role of allicin, a compound derived from garlic, is unknown. Thus, we used allicin to evaluate its effects on inflammation and fibrosis in PAH. Male Wistar rats were divided into three groups: control (CON), monocrotaline (60 mg/kg) (MCT), and MCT plus allicin (16 mg/kg/oral gavage) (MCT + A). Right ventricle (RV) hypertrophy and pulmonary arterial medial wall thickness were determined. IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, NFкB p65, Iкβ, TGF-β, and α-SMA were determined by Western blot analysis. In addition, TNF-α and TGF-β were determined by immunohistochemistry, and miR-21-5p and mRNA expressions of Cd68, Bmpr2, and Smad5 were determined by RT-qPCR. Results: Allicin prevented increases in vessel wall thickness due to TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, and Cd68 in the lung. In addition, TGF-β, α-SMA, and fibrosis were lower in the MCT + A group compared with the MCT group. In the RV, allicin prevented increases in TNF-α, IL-6, and TGF-b. These observations suggest that, through the modulation of proinflammatory and profibrotic markers in the lung and heart, allicin delays the progression of PAH.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Allicin Associated with Fibrosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Sánchez-Gloria

Martínez-Olivares

Rojas-Morales

et al. 2021

IJMS

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“…In addition, ISO promotes lipolysis in the myocardium (Jasemi et al, 2020, andIpseeta et al, 2004). Lipolysis results in the release of a large amount of free fatty acids and TAG.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Earlier references have shown that the plant preparations have anti-inflammatory (Boehm et al, 2000), anti-cancer, anti-stress, and immunomodulatory activities. WS has also shown reports of the central nervous system (CNS), endocrine (Subasini et al, 2007), and cardiovascular (Jasemi et al, 2020) diseases. Furthermore, WS preparations are thought to affect GABAergic (gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) (Dar et al, 2016) or cholinergic (Kumari et al, 2020) neurotransmission, which could be associated to a variety of CNS disorders.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withania Somnifera: Correlation of Phytoconstituents with Hypolipidemic and Cardioprotective Activities

Uthirapathy

Tahir

2021

ARO

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Withania somnifera (WS) (Dunal) or Ashwagandha is a well-known hypolipidemic herb and antioxidant. In this study, 75% ethanolic extract of WS is attempted to evaluate the cardioprotective activity of isoproterenol-induced cardiotoxicity and hypolipidemic activity in Triton WR 1339-induced hyperlipidemia. In addition, phytochemical evaluation of the same extracts analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometer (GC–MS). This study found that 7 days of therapy with WS extracts at 1000 mg/kg b.wt. reduced cholesterol by 76%, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) by 71%, and TAG by 12% (P < 0.05). Furthermore, it can significantly reduce cholesterol and LDL levels (P < 0.05). Similarly, the use of 50 mg/kg b.wt. of WS extract showed a cardioprotective effect against isoproterenol-induced cardiac toxic rats. The antioxidants glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase are increased in WS extract (P < 0.05), whereas the release of cardiac indicators in heart tissue is reduced (P < 0.05). Furthermore, a 30-day treatment with WS also reduced triacylglycerol in isoprenaline-induced cardiotoxic rats. GC–MS analysis of the methanol fraction of the Ashwagandha 70% ethanolic extract showed the presence of higher concentrations of fatty acids. In conclusion, WS showed hypolipidemic and cardioprotective activities in diseased animals induced by isoproterenol and Triton WR 1339.

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“…Many medicinal plants and natural compounds have beneficial effects in the treatment of PAH [ 63 ]. Interestingly, these compounds do not have more side effects than chemical drugs [ 64 ]. In humans, the oral administration of quercetin did not show any adverse effects at doses up to 730 mg per day over one month [ 65 ].…”

Section: Nutraceutical In the Treatment Of Cardiovascular Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Sánchez-Gloria

Osorio‐Alonso

Arellano‐Buendía

et al. 2020

IJMS

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Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a severe disease characterized by the loss and obstructive remodeling of the pulmonary arterial wall, causing a rise in pulmonary arterial pressure and pulmonary vascular resistance, which is responsible for right heart failure, functional decline, and death. Although many drugs are available for the treatment of this condition, it continues to be life-threatening, and its long-term treatment is expensive. On the other hand, many natural compounds present in food have beneficial effects on several cardiovascular conditions. Several studies have explored many of the potential beneficial effects of natural plant products on PAH. However, the mechanisms by which natural products, such as nutraceuticals, exert protective and therapeutic effects on PAH are not fully understood. In this review, we analyze the current knowledge on nutraceuticals and their potential use in the protection and treatment of PAH, as well as whether nutraceuticals could enhance the effects of drugs used in PAH through similar mechanisms.

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Medicinal Plants and Phytochemicals for the Treatment of Pulmonary Hypertension

Cited by 27 publications

References 157 publications

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Allicin Associated with Fibrosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Allicin Associated with Fibrosis in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

Withania Somnifera: Correlation of Phytoconstituents with Hypolipidemic and Cardioprotective Activities

Nutraceuticals in the Treatment of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

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